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1 battle sign
Военный термин: табличка для обозначения элементов боевого порядка -
2 battle sign
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3 sign
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4 Sign
subs.Nod: P. νεῦμα, τό, V. σῆμα, τό; see Signal.Signal for battle, etc.: Ar. and P. σημεῖον, τό, V. σῆμα, τό.Signs in writing: V. συνθήματα, τά; see Writing.Omen from birds: P. and V. οἰωνός, ὁ, Ar. and V. ὄρνις, ὁ or ἡ, V. πτερόν, τό, Ar. and V. σύμβολος, ὁ (also Xen.).Heavenly sign: V. σῆμα, τό, σημεῖον, τό.——————v. trans.Sign ( a document) and witness its being sealed: P. γράφειν καὶ συσσημαίνεσθαι (Dem. 928); see also Seal.Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Sign
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5 Battle's sign
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6 Battle's sign
s.signo de Battle. -
7 σῆμα
A sign, mark, token, Il.10.466, 23.326, Od.19.250, etc.; of the star on a horse's forehead, Il.23.455;ἥβης σήματα γεινομένης Sol.27.4
;νέφος σ. χειμῶνος Archil.54
; esp.1 sign from heaven, omen, portent, in phrases,σήματα φαίνω Il.2.353
, cf. 308;κτύπε Ζεύς, σ. τιθεὶς Τρώεσσι 8.171
;δεικνὺς σ. βροτοῖσι 13.244
;θεοῦ σάμασιν πιθόμενοι Pi. P.4.200
, cf. 1.3; φλογωπὰ ς. A.Pr. 498, cf. Ch. 259; of things heard as well as seen,ἔπος φάτο σ. ἄνακτι Od.20.111
.2 generally, sign to do or begin something,τόδε σ. τετύχθω 21.231
;σ. ἀροτοῖο Hes. Op. 450
; esp. watchword,τί τὸ σῆμα; θρόει E.Rh.12
(anap.), cf. 688; battle-sign, signal,σ. μάχης Id.Ph. 1378
.3 sign by which a grave is known, mound, cairn, barrow, Il.2.814, etc.; ; ἐπὶ σῆμ' ἔχεεν raised a mound, Il.6.419, etc.;σ. κυνός E.Hec. 1273
: c. dat. pers.,σῆμά τέ οἱ χεύω Od. 2.222
;σῆμά τέ μοι χεῦαι.. ἀνδρὸς δυστήνοιο 11.75
;σάματι πὰρ Πέλοπος Pi.O.10(11).24
; grave, tomb, Hdt.1.93, 4.72, Berl.Sitzb. l.c., etc.; τὸ δημόσιον ς. Th.2.34;στῆλαι ἀπὸ σημάτων Id.1.93
, cf. Ar.Th. 886, 888, etc.; ἤδη του.. ἤκουσα τῶν σοφῶν ὡς τὸ μὲν σῶμά ἐστιν ἡμῖν ς. Pl.Grg. 493a, cf. Cra. 400c.4 mark to show the cast of a quoit or javelin,ὑπέρβαλε σήματα πάντων Il.23.843
;ὑπέρπτατο σ. πάντων Od.8.192
; also, boundary, D.P.18.5 token by which any one's identity or commission was certified,μιν ἐρέεινε καὶ ᾔτεε σ. ἰδέσθαι Il.6.176
, cf. 178; σ. λυγρά, of written characters or symbols, ib. 168; mark, token on the lot of Ajax, 7.189; so, device or bearing on a shield, by which a warrior is known, freq. in A.Th., as 387, 404, E.El. 456 (lyr.); of the seal set on a box, τῶνδ' ἀποίσεις ς. S.Tr. 614; mark made by an illiterate person, PMasp.163.37 (vi A.D.).6 constellation, mostly in pl., heavenly bodies, S.Fr. 432; also λαμπρότατος μὲν ὅ γ' ἐστί, κακὸν δέ τε σῆμα τέτυκται, of Sirius, Il.22.30. (Perh. cogn. with Skt. dhyāti 'thinks'.) -
8 табличка для обозначения элементов боевого порядка
Military: battle signУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > табличка для обозначения элементов боевого порядка
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9 haber
m.1 assets (bienes).2 credit (side).v.1 to have.lo he/había hecho I have/had done itlos niños ya han comido the children have already eaten2 to be, to exist, to be some.Hay carros There are cars.Hay There are* * *Present IndicativeImperfect Subjunctivehabía, habías, había, habíamos, habíais, habían.Past IndicativeFuture IndicativeConditionalPresent SubjunctiveImperfect SubjunctiveFuture SubjunctiveImperative* * *verb- haber de- hay* * *1. V AUX1) [en tiempos compuestos] to havehabía ido al cine — he had gone o he'd gone to the cinema
¡haberlo dicho! — you should have said!
¡hubieran visto la casa! — esp LAm * you should have seen the house!
pero, ¿habráse visto (cosa igual)? — well, have you ever seen anything like it?
de haberlo sabido — if I had known, if I'd known
2)•
haber de —a) [indicando obligación]he de hacerlo — I have to do it, I must do it
has de saber que... — you should know that...
¿qué he de hacer? — what am I to do?
los has de ver — LAm you'll see them
b) [indicando suposición]ha de llegar hoy — esp LAm he should get here today
has de estar equivocado — esp LAm you must be mistaken
2. V IMPERS1)hay — [con sustantivo en singular] there is; [con sustantivo en plural] there are
¿habrá tiempo? — will there be time?
lo que hay es que... — it's like this..., the thing is...
hay sol — the sun is shining, it's sunny
habían muchas personas — LAm there were many people there
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¿ cuánto hay de aquí a Cuzco? — how far is it from here to Cuzco?•
los hay excelentes — some are excellentoportunistas los hay en todas partes — you'll find opportunists everywhere, there are always opportunists, wherever you go
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no hay, no hay nada mejor que... — there's nothing better than...no hay más que hablar — there's no more to be said, there's nothing more to say
¡aquí no hay quien duerma! — it's impossible to get any sleep round here!
¡no hay de qué! — don't mention it!, not at all!
¡qué hubo! — Chile, Méx, Ven * how's it going?, how are things?
como hay pocos, donde los haya —
un amigo como hay pocos o donde los haya — a friend in a million
de lo que no hay —
¡eres de lo que no hay! — you're unbelievable!
si los hay —
2) (Com)"¡mejores no hay!" — "there's none better!"
¡hay helado! — [dicho a voces] ice cream!; [en cartel] ice cream sold
¿hay puros? — do you have any cigars?
"no hay entradas o localidades" — "sold out"
3)• hay que, hay que trabajar — one has to work, everyone must work
hay que trabajar más — [como mandato] you must work harder
no hay que olvidar que... — we mustn't forget that...
no hay que tomarlo a mal — there's no reason to take it badly, you mustn't get upset about it
¡había que decírselo! — we'll have to tell him!
¡había que verlo! — you should have seen it!
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no hay más que, no hay más que leer las normas — all you have to do is read the rulesno hay más que haber viajado un poco para saberlo — anyone who has done a bit of travelling would know
4) [indicando tiempo]tres años ha — frm three years ago
años ha que no les veo — frm, hum I haven't seen them for years
3. VT1) (=ocurrir)habidos y por haber —
2) (=tener)Pepe, que Dios haya en su gloria — Pepe, God rest his soul
bien haya... — (Rel) blessed be...
3) liter (=obtener)4.See:* * *I 1.verbo auxiliar1) ( en tiempos compuestos) to haveno han/habían llegado — they haven't/hadn't arrived
como se haya olvidado lo mato — if he's forgotten, I'll kill him!
¿se habrán perdido? — do you think they've o they might have got lost?
de haberlo sabido — had I known, if I'd known
2)a) (frml) (expresando obligación, necesidad)haber de + inf — to have to + inf
ha de ser firmado por ambas partes — it has to o must be signed by both parties
b) ( expresando acción futura)ha de llegar un día en que... — the day will come when...
c) (expresando probabilidad, certeza)2.pero ¿sabes lo que dices? - no lo he de saber! — but do you know what you're saying? - of course I do!
haber v impers1) (existir, estar, darse)hay una carta/varias cartas para ti — there's a letter/there are several letters for you
¿qué tomarán de postre? - ¿hay helado? — what would you like for dessert? - do you have any ice cream?
¿cuántos kilómetros hay hasta Sevilla? — how many kilometers are there o is it to Seville?
hay quien piensa que... — there are those who feel that...
gracias - no hay de qué — thank you - don't mention it o not at all o you're welcome
hola ¿qué hay/hay de nuevo? — (fam) hello, how are things/what's new?
es un poco largo - ¿qué hay? — (CS fam) it's rather long - so what?
¿qué hubo? — (Andes, Méx, Ven fam) how are things?
¿qué hubo de lo de Jorge y Ana? — what happened with Jorge and Ana?
habérselas con alguien: tendrá que habérselas conmigo he'll have me to deal with; habido y por haber: todos los trucos habidos y por haber — every trick in the book (colloq)
2) ( ser necesario)haber que + inf: hay que estudiar you/we/they must study; hubo que romperlo we/they had to break it; hay que decir algo something has to be said; había que verlo! you should have seen him!; no hay más que apretarlo all you have to do is press it; no hay que darle muy fuerte — ( no es necesario) you don't need o have to hit it too hard; ( no se debe) you mustn't hit it too hard
3) (liter) ( en expresiones de tiempo)3.muchos años/mucho tiempo ha — many years/a long time ago
IIlos hijos habidos en el/fuera del matrimonio — children born in/out of wedlock (frml)
a) ( bienes) assets (pl)b) ( en contabilidad) credit sidetener algo en su haber — (period) to have something to one's credit
c) haberes masculino plural (frml) (emolumentos, paga) income, earnings (pl)los haberes que se le adeudan — moneys o monies owed to you (frml)
* * *= be available, come in, there + be, there + have + been, be in place, accounts receivable.Ex. This emphasis upon 'the work' reflects the packaging of text, information, music, graphics, and so on, and indicates to the subsequent user what packages are available for use or consultation.Ex. Such records come in a variety of physical forms.Ex. There are a relatively large number of documents under each heading.Ex. Mr. Kilgour's publications are truly too voluminous to list; over a period of four decades, there have been few years in which he has not published.Ex. Modular courses are already in place from which a student can pick and mix.Ex. This software includes separate programs for general ledger: accounts receivable, accounts payable, payroll and inventory.----* deber haber ocurrido antes = be long overdue.* debería haber = there + ought to be.* en el haber de Uno = under + Posesivo + belt.* en + Posesivo + haber = to + Posesivo + credit.* en su haber = on the credit side.* haber algo raro con = there + be + something fishy going on with.* haber algo sospechoso con = there + be + something fishy going on with.* haber bebido demasiado = be over the limit.* haber decidido = be intent on.* haber de muchos tipos = come in + all/many (sorts of) shapes and sizes.* haber de muy diversos tipos = come in + all/many (sorts of) shapes and sizes.* haber dinero de por medio = money + change hands.* haber división de opiniones = be split on, opinion + be divided.* haber división de opiniones entre los críticos = critics + be divided.* haberes = assets, holdings.* haber escasez de = be in short supply, be at a premium.* haber existencias = be in stock.* haber ganado la mitad de la batalla = be half the battle.* haber ganado sólo la mitad de la batalla = be only half the battle.* haber llegado = be upon us.* haber muchísima diferencia = be in a different league.* haber nacido en = be a native of.* haber pasado por aquí antes = have been down this road before.* haber poca duda de que = there + be + little doubt that.* haber + que reconocer que = have to hand it to + Nombre.* haber quórum = be quorate.* haber recorrido mucho mundo = be well-travelled.* haberse propuesto = be intent on.* haber sido aceptado = be here to stay, have come + to stay.* haber sido comprobado exhaustivamente = be thoroughly tested.* haber terminado la jornada laboral = be off duty.* haber todavía más = there + be + more to it than that.* haber un aire de emoción = there + be + an air of excitement.* haber un aire de expectación = there + be + an air of expectation.* haber una transacción económica de por medio = money + change hands.* haber un viento huracanado = wind + blow great guns.* haber viajado mucho = be well-travelled.* ha de ser + Participio = be to be + Participio.* he = I've (I have).* hubo una época en la que = there was a time when.* lo que haya que de ser, será = que sera sera, what's meant to be, will be, whatever will be, will be.* mientras haya existencias = while stocks last, subject to availability.* no haber = be unavailable.* no haber consecuencias = nothing + come of.* no + haber + dos + Nombre que = no two + Nombre.* no haber duda de que = there + be + no doubt that.* no haber duda (que) = there + be + no question (that).* no haber forma de = there + be + no way.* no haber indicios de que = there + be + no indication that.* no haber límites = there + be + no limit.* no haber manera de = there + be + no way.* no haber modo de = there + be + no means of.* no haber mucha señal de que = there + be + little sign of.* no haber muchas señales de que = there + be + little sign of.* no + haber + nada como = there + be + nothing like.* no haber nada de verdad en = there + be + any/no truth to.* no + haber + nada malo en = there + be + nothing wrong in/with.* no haber palabras para describirlo = beggar + description.* no haber pero que valer = not take + no for an answer.* no haber prisa = there + be + no hurry.* no haber problemas = be fine.* no haber señal de que = there + be + no sign of.* no habiendo = in the absence of.* no hay nada como = nothing beats....* no hay nada mejor que = nothing beats....* poner en el haber de = credit.* sin haber contacto = non-contact.* ya hemos hablado bastante de = so much for.* * *I 1.verbo auxiliar1) ( en tiempos compuestos) to haveno han/habían llegado — they haven't/hadn't arrived
como se haya olvidado lo mato — if he's forgotten, I'll kill him!
¿se habrán perdido? — do you think they've o they might have got lost?
de haberlo sabido — had I known, if I'd known
2)a) (frml) (expresando obligación, necesidad)haber de + inf — to have to + inf
ha de ser firmado por ambas partes — it has to o must be signed by both parties
b) ( expresando acción futura)ha de llegar un día en que... — the day will come when...
c) (expresando probabilidad, certeza)2.pero ¿sabes lo que dices? - no lo he de saber! — but do you know what you're saying? - of course I do!
haber v impers1) (existir, estar, darse)hay una carta/varias cartas para ti — there's a letter/there are several letters for you
¿qué tomarán de postre? - ¿hay helado? — what would you like for dessert? - do you have any ice cream?
¿cuántos kilómetros hay hasta Sevilla? — how many kilometers are there o is it to Seville?
hay quien piensa que... — there are those who feel that...
gracias - no hay de qué — thank you - don't mention it o not at all o you're welcome
hola ¿qué hay/hay de nuevo? — (fam) hello, how are things/what's new?
es un poco largo - ¿qué hay? — (CS fam) it's rather long - so what?
¿qué hubo? — (Andes, Méx, Ven fam) how are things?
¿qué hubo de lo de Jorge y Ana? — what happened with Jorge and Ana?
habérselas con alguien: tendrá que habérselas conmigo he'll have me to deal with; habido y por haber: todos los trucos habidos y por haber — every trick in the book (colloq)
2) ( ser necesario)haber que + inf: hay que estudiar you/we/they must study; hubo que romperlo we/they had to break it; hay que decir algo something has to be said; había que verlo! you should have seen him!; no hay más que apretarlo all you have to do is press it; no hay que darle muy fuerte — ( no es necesario) you don't need o have to hit it too hard; ( no se debe) you mustn't hit it too hard
3) (liter) ( en expresiones de tiempo)3.muchos años/mucho tiempo ha — many years/a long time ago
IIlos hijos habidos en el/fuera del matrimonio — children born in/out of wedlock (frml)
a) ( bienes) assets (pl)b) ( en contabilidad) credit sidetener algo en su haber — (period) to have something to one's credit
c) haberes masculino plural (frml) (emolumentos, paga) income, earnings (pl)los haberes que se le adeudan — moneys o monies owed to you (frml)
* * *= be available, come in, there + be, there + have + been, be in place, accounts receivable.Ex: This emphasis upon 'the work' reflects the packaging of text, information, music, graphics, and so on, and indicates to the subsequent user what packages are available for use or consultation.
Ex: Such records come in a variety of physical forms.Ex: There are a relatively large number of documents under each heading.Ex: Mr. Kilgour's publications are truly too voluminous to list; over a period of four decades, there have been few years in which he has not published.Ex: Modular courses are already in place from which a student can pick and mix.Ex: This software includes separate programs for general ledger: accounts receivable, accounts payable, payroll and inventory.* deber haber ocurrido antes = be long overdue.* debería haber = there + ought to be.* en el haber de Uno = under + Posesivo + belt.* en + Posesivo + haber = to + Posesivo + credit.* en su haber = on the credit side.* haber algo raro con = there + be + something fishy going on with.* haber algo sospechoso con = there + be + something fishy going on with.* haber bebido demasiado = be over the limit.* haber decidido = be intent on.* haber de muchos tipos = come in + all/many (sorts of) shapes and sizes.* haber de muy diversos tipos = come in + all/many (sorts of) shapes and sizes.* haber dinero de por medio = money + change hands.* haber división de opiniones = be split on, opinion + be divided.* haber división de opiniones entre los críticos = critics + be divided.* haberes = assets, holdings.* haber escasez de = be in short supply, be at a premium.* haber existencias = be in stock.* haber ganado la mitad de la batalla = be half the battle.* haber ganado sólo la mitad de la batalla = be only half the battle.* haber llegado = be upon us.* haber muchísima diferencia = be in a different league.* haber nacido en = be a native of.* haber pasado por aquí antes = have been down this road before.* haber poca duda de que = there + be + little doubt that.* haber + que reconocer que = have to hand it to + Nombre.* haber quórum = be quorate.* haber recorrido mucho mundo = be well-travelled.* haberse propuesto = be intent on.* haber sido aceptado = be here to stay, have come + to stay.* haber sido comprobado exhaustivamente = be thoroughly tested.* haber terminado la jornada laboral = be off duty.* haber todavía más = there + be + more to it than that.* haber un aire de emoción = there + be + an air of excitement.* haber un aire de expectación = there + be + an air of expectation.* haber una transacción económica de por medio = money + change hands.* haber un viento huracanado = wind + blow great guns.* haber viajado mucho = be well-travelled.* ha de ser + Participio = be to be + Participio.* he = I've (I have).* hubo una época en la que = there was a time when.* lo que haya que de ser, será = que sera sera, what's meant to be, will be, whatever will be, will be.* mientras haya existencias = while stocks last, subject to availability.* no haber = be unavailable.* no haber consecuencias = nothing + come of.* no + haber + dos + Nombre que = no two + Nombre.* no haber duda de que = there + be + no doubt that.* no haber duda (que) = there + be + no question (that).* no haber forma de = there + be + no way.* no haber indicios de que = there + be + no indication that.* no haber límites = there + be + no limit.* no haber manera de = there + be + no way.* no haber modo de = there + be + no means of.* no haber mucha señal de que = there + be + little sign of.* no haber muchas señales de que = there + be + little sign of.* no + haber + nada como = there + be + nothing like.* no haber nada de verdad en = there + be + any/no truth to.* no + haber + nada malo en = there + be + nothing wrong in/with.* no haber palabras para describirlo = beggar + description.* no haber pero que valer = not take + no for an answer.* no haber prisa = there + be + no hurry.* no haber problemas = be fine.* no haber señal de que = there + be + no sign of.* no habiendo = in the absence of.* no hay nada como = nothing beats....* no hay nada mejor que = nothing beats....* poner en el haber de = credit.* sin haber contacto = non-contact.* ya hemos hablado bastante de = so much for.* * *A(en los tiempos compuestos): no han/habían llegado they haven't/hadn't arrivedcomo se haya olvidado lo mato if he's forgotten, I'll kill him!cuando/no bien hubo terminado ( liter); when/as soon as she had finished¿se habrán perdido? do you think they've o they might have got lost?no habrán tenido tiempo they probably haven't had time¿quién hubiera pensado que llegaría tan lejos? whoever would have thought she'd get so far!está arrepentida — ¡(que) lo hubiera pensado antes! she says she's sorry — she should have thought about it before!yo también quería ir — ¡haberlo dicho! I wanted to go too — you should have said so!de haberlo sabido te habría avisado had I known o if I'd known, I'd have told youB1 ( frml) (expresando obligación, necesidad) haber DE + INF:el contrato ha de ser firmado por ambas partes the contract must be signed by both partieshemos de averiguar qué sucedió we have to o must find out what happened2 (expresando acción futura) haber DE + INF:ha de llegar un día en que … the day will come when …3 (expresando probabilidad, certeza) haber DE + INF:ha de ser tarde it must be lateya lo han de haber recibido they must have received it by nowpero ¿sabes lo que dices? — ¡no lo he de saber! but do you know what you're saying? — of course I do!A(existir, estar, darse): hay una carta/varias cartas para ti there's a letter/there are several letters for youha habido un cambio/varios cambios en el programa there has been a change/there have been several changes in the programhabía un cliente/tres clientes esperando there was a customer/there were three customers waitingayer hubo un accidente/dos accidentes there was an accident/there were two accidents yesterdayno quiero que haya discusiones I don't want there to be any arguments¿qué van a tomar de postre? — ¿hay helado? what would you like for dessert? — do you have any ice cream?esta vez no hubo suerte, otra vez será we were unlucky o out of luck this time, maybe next time¿cuántos kilómetros hay de Mérida a Sevilla? how many kilometers are there o is it from Mérida to Seville?no hay día en que no tengan una discusión not a day goes by without their having an argumentno hay como un buen descanso cuando uno se siente así there's nothing like a good rest when you're feeling like thatno hay quien lo aguante he's absolutely unbearablehay quien piensa que es un error there are those who feel it's a mistakehubo or ( crit) hubieron varios heridos several people were injuredhabíamos sólo tres niñas ( crit); we were the only three girls, there were only three of us girls ( colloq)[ S ] hay leche fresca fresh milk sold o on sale herelas hay rojas y amarillas también there are o you can get red ones and yellow ones toodijo que no había problemas pero los hay she said there weren't any problems but there are¡no hay más que hablar! there's nothing more to be said! o that's my last word (on the subject)!gracias — no hay de qué thank you — don't mention it o not at all o it's a pleasure o you're welcomeno hay de qué preocuparse there's nothing to worry abouthola ¿qué hay? ( fam); hello, how are things?¿qué hay de nuevo? what's new?¿qué hubo? (Col, Méx fam); how are things?¿qué hubo de lo de Jorge y Ana? what happened with Jorge and Ana?donde los/las haya: es listo/sinvergüenza donde los haya he's as clever/rotten as they comehabérselas con algn/algo: como vuelva por aquí tendrá que habérselas conmigo if he comes around here again he'll have me to deal withhabido y por haber: se conoce todos los trucos habidos y por haber she knows every trick in the bookhe leído todo lo habido y por haber sobre el tema I've read absolutely everything there is to read on the subjectser de lo que no hay ( fam): eres de lo que no hay, nunca más te confío un secreto you're the limit o you're unbelievable! I'm never going to tell you a secret againB (ser necesario) haber QUE + INF:va a haber que hacerlo it'll have to be donehay que ser más optimista you/we/they must be more optimistichubo que tirar la puerta abajo we/they had to break the door downme dijo que había que entregarlo el lunes he told me it had to be handed in on Monday¡hay que ver qué genio tiene el mocito! well, well, he has got a temper, hasn't he!¡hay que ver! ¡las cosas que uno tiene que aguantar! honestly! the things one has to put up with!¡había que verlo allí jugando en la nieve! you should have seen him there playing in the snow!no hay más que apretar el botón all you have to do is press the buttonno hay que darle muy fuerte (no es necesario) you don't need to o you don't have to hit it too hard; (no se debe) you mustn't hit it too hardC ( liter)(en expresiones de tiempo): muchos años/mucho tiempo ha many years/a long time agoaños ha que no sé nada de él I haven't heard from him for yearsvthabido, -dacuatro hijos habidos de dos padres distintos four children born of two different fathersA (bienes) assets (pl)varias fincas forman parte de su haber his assets include various propertiesB (en contabilidad) credit sidetener algo en su haber ( period): tiene en su haber varios premios literarios he has several literary prizes to his creditya tiene cuatro robos en su haber he has already notched up four robberieslos haberes del mes de diciembre income o earnings for the month of December* * *
haber 1 ( conjugate haber) v aux ( en tiempos compuestos) to have;
de haberlo sabido had I known, if I'd known;
¡deberías haberlo dicho! you should have said so!
haber v impers (existir, estar, darse): hay una carta/varias cartas para ti there's a letter/there are several letters for you;
¿hay un banco por aquí? is there a bank near here?;
hubo dos accidentes there were two accidents;
¿hay helado? do you have any ice cream?;
no hay como un buen descanso there's nothing like a good rest;
hubo varios heridos several people were injured;
las hay rojas y verdes there are red ones and green ones;
gracias — no hay de qué thank you — don't mention it o not at all o you're welcome;
no hay de qué preocuparse there's nothing to worry about;
¿qué hay de nuevo? (fam) what's new?;
hola ¿qué hay? (fam) hello, how are things?;
¿qué hubo? (Andes, Méx, Ven fam) how are things?
( ser necesario) haber que + inf:◊ hay que estudiar you/we/they must study;
hubo que romperlo we/they had to break it;
no hay que lavarlo ( no es necesario) you don't need o have to wash it;
( no se debe) you mustn't wash it
haber 2 sustantivo masculino
c)
haber
I verbo auxiliar
1 (en tiempos compuestos) to have: espero que no lo haya hecho, I hope he hasn't done it
lo he comido todo, I've eaten it all
lo hubiera hecho de todos modos, she would have done it anyway
II verbo impersonal
1 (existir, estar, hallarse) hay, there is o are
había, there was o were: hay poco que decir, there is little to be said
había muchísima gente en la estación, there were a lot of people in the station
hay cien metros de mi casa a la estación, it's a hundred metres from my home to the station
2 (ocurrir, suceder) la guerra que hubo en el 36, the war that took place in 36
habrá una reunión, there will be a meeting
hoy hay fiesta en el club náutico, there's a party today in the sailing club
los robos habidos en este barrio, the robberies which have been committed in this neighbourhood
III ( haber de + infinitivo) (obligación) to have to: has de ser más estudioso, you must be more studious
( haber que + infinitivo) (conveniencia, necesidad u obligación) it is necessary to: habrá que ir, we will have to go
habría que pintar el salón, we should paint the living room
hay que hacerlo, you must do it
IV nm
1 Fin credit 2 en su haber, in his possession
figurado in his favour
V mpl haberes, (bienes) assets
(salario) wages
♦ Locuciones: había una vez..., once upon a time...
no hay de qué, you're welcome o don't mention it
Hay que tener mucho cuidado al traducir este verbo, ya que el inglés diferencia entre el singular y el plural: Hay un hombre fuera. There is a man outside. Hay dos hombres fuera. There are two men outside. Había un gato en el tejado. There was a cat on the roof. Había muchos libros. There were a lot of books.
' haber' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abundar
- apencar
- comprobante
- contrapartida
- deber
- dolo
- estrechamiento
- ir
- gravedad
- llevarse
- localmente
- parecer
- perdón
- pesar
- ropa
- satisfacción
- sobrar
- tirada
- acusar
- altura
- con
- encantado
- existir
- faltar
- habrá
- hay
- he
- hube
- lo
- los
- poder
- quedar
- seguir
English:
awfully
- be
- catch
- credit side
- deny
- doghouse
- earth
- have
- hotly
- life
- limit
- party
- point-blank
- recollect
- regret
- remember
- save
- still
- thank
- there
- through
- wish
- achievement
- anticipate
- apologize
- but
- could
- expect
- further
- likely
- mean
- mercy
- might
- must
- name
- otherwise
- ought
- over
- report
- should
- sorry
- suggest
- will
* * *♦ v aux1. [en tiempos compuestos] to have;lo he/había hecho I have/had done it;los niños ya han comido the children have already eaten;no he estado en la India I haven't been to India;en el estreno ha habido mucha gente there were a lot of people at the première¡haberlo dicho! why didn't you say so?;haberme escuchado I told you (so), you should have listened to me;de haberlo sabido… if only I'd known…has de estudiar más you have to study more;he de llamarle I ought to call him;ha de llegar un día en el que todo se arregle there's bound to come a time when everything gets sorted out;siempre has de ser tú el que se queje you always have to be the one to complain♦ v impersonalhay un regalo para ti there's a present for you;hay dos árboles en la plaza there are two trees on the square;hay mucha gente en la calle there are a lot of people in the street;había/hubo muchos problemas there were a lot of problems;no hubo tal penalty it wasn't a penalty;habrá dos mil [expresa futuro] there will be two thousand;[expresa hipótesis] there must be two thousand;los hay de distintas tallas they come in different sizes;¿cuánto hay de aquí a Santiago? how far is it from here to Santiago?;hay quien opina que… there are those who think that…;es un caballero como hay pocos he's that rare thing, a real gentleman;es un artista donde los haya he's as good an artist as you'll find;algo habrá cuando todo el mundo habla de ello if everyone's talking about it there must be something in it;(todo) lo habido y por haber everything under the sun;gracias – no hay de qué thank you – don't mention it;no hay día (en) que no haya algún accidente a day doesn't go by without there being some kind of accident;no hay más que apretar el botón simply press the button;no hay nada como una buena comida there's nothing like a good meal;no hay nadie como ella there's no one like her;no hay quien lo entienda there's no understanding him;no hay más que hablar there is no more to be said;¡hay que ver! well I never!;no hay más que ver lo feliz que está you just have to see how happy she is;¡eres de lo que no hay! you're unbelievable!hay que comer para vivir we must eat in order to live;hay que esforzarse más, Luis you need to try harder, Luis;no hay que apretar tanto there's no need to press so hard;creo que había que contárselo I think we ought to tell him;¡aquello había que verlo! you should have seen it!;habrá que soportar su mal humor we'll have to put up with his bad moodCSur [¿qué importa?] so (what)?, big deal!;¿qué hay de nuevo? what's new?;CSurestá lloviendo -- ¿y qué hay?, estamos en auto it's raining -- so what? we're in the car;CAm, Col, Méx, Ven¿qué hubo? [saludo] how are you doing?♦ vtFormal [tener]el abuelo, que Dios haya en su gloria,… grandfather, God rest his soul,…;los hijos habidos en el matrimonio the children from the marriage* * *I v/auxhemos llegado we’ve arrived;lo he oído I’ve heard it;¿la ha visto? has he seen her?:he de levantarme pronto I have to o I’ve got to get up early3:de haberlo sabido if I’d known;ought to see it;habérselas con alguien have it out with s.o.;1 ( existir):hay there is sg, there are pl ;hubo un incendio there was a fire;había mucha gente there were a lot of people;hoy no hay clase there aren’t any lessons today, school is closed today;ya no hay más there’s none left; there are none left;no hay como … there’s nothing like …;esto es de lo que no hay this is the limit!:hay que hacerlo it has to be done;no hay de qué not at all, don’t mention it;no hay más que decir there’s nothing more to be said;no hay que pagar para entrar you don’t have to pay to go in;no hay que hablar con la boca llena you mustn’t o shouldn’t talk with your mouth full3:¿qué hay?, Méx¿qué hubo? how’s it going?, what’s happening?;es ingenioso donde los haya he’s as ingenious as they cometiene en su haber 50.000 pesos she’s 50,000 pesos in credit;* * *haber {39} v aux1) : have, hasno ha llegado el envío: the shipment hasn't arrived2)haber de : mustha de ser tarde: it must be latehaber v impers1)hay : there is, there arehay dos mensajes: there are two messages¿qué hay de nuevo?: what's new?2)hay que : it is necessaryhay que trabajar más rápido: you have to work fasterhaber nm1) : assets pl2) : credit, credit side3) haberes nmpl: salary, income, remuneration* * *haber vb1. (verbo auxiliar) to have¿has comido? have you eaten?2. (existir, tener lugar) there is / there are¿qué hay? how are things? -
10 ingaggiare
( reclutare) recruitattore, cantante lirico engagesports sign (up)( iniziare) start, begin* * *ingaggiare v.tr.1 to engage, to hire, to employ, to sign on, to take* on: ingaggiare manodopera, to engage labour; ingaggiare un calciatore, to sign (up) a footballer; ingaggiare qlcu. a fare qlco., to engage s.o. to do sthg.2 (mil.) (arruolare) to enlist, to enrol, to recruit: ingaggiare soldati mercenari, to enlist (o to recruit) mercenaries; (mar.) ingaggiare un equipaggio, to crew (a ship)3 (iniziare) to start: ingaggiare una lotta, to start a fight (anche fig.); (mil.) ingaggiare battaglia (con qlcu.), to engage (s.o.) in battle.◘ ingaggiarsi v.intr.pron.1 (mar.) to get* entangled2 (non com.) (arruolarsi) to enlist, to enrol, to sign up, to sign on.* * *[ingad'dʒare]verbo transitivo1) (assumere) to sign (on), to sign up [ calciatore]; to book [ artista]; to engage, to employ [ operai]; mil. to recruit, to enlist [ soldati]2) (iniziare) to engage, to join, to start [ lotta]ingaggiare battaglia con qcn. — to do battle with sb
* * *ingaggiare/ingad'dʒare/ [1]1 (assumere) to sign (on), to sign up [ calciatore]; to book [ artista]; to engage, to employ [ operai]; mil. to recruit, to enlist [ soldati]2 (iniziare) to engage, to join, to start [ lotta]; ingaggiare battaglia con qcn. to do battle with sb. -
11 sīgnum
sīgnum ī, n a mark, token, sign, indication, proof: ostendisti signa nutrici? (i. e. crepundia), T.: fures earum rerum, quas ceperunt, signa commutant: in amicis deligendis habere quasi signa et notas, quibus eos iudicarent, etc.: pecori signum inpressit, V.: nulla ad speluncum signa ferebant, footprints, V.: dicere deos gallis signum dedisse cantandi: color pudoris signum, T.: timoris signa mittere, display, Cs.: Magnum hoc quoque signum est, dominam esse extra noxiam, T.: id erit signi me invitum facere, quod, etc.: quid signi?—A military standard, ensign, banner: signo amisso, Cs.: ut neque signiferi viam, nec signa milites cernerent, L.: Inter signa militaria, H.: signa sequi, to march in rank, S.: signa subsequi, to keep the order of battle, Cs.: signa servare, L.: ab signis discedere, to leave the ranks, Cs.: volonum exercitus ab signis discessit, disbanded, L.: signa relinquere, to run away, S.: signa ferre, i. e. to decamp, Cs.: mota e castris signa eorum, qui, etc., i. e. an advance of the troops, etc., L.: Signa movet, advances, V.: ferte signa in hostem, attack, L.: signa constituere, halt, Cs.: signa proferre, advance, L.: Romani conversa signa bipertito intulerunt, i. e. wheeled and attacked in two columns, Cs.: signa patriae inferens: qui signa contulit, engaged in close fight: conlatis signis, in regular battle: conlatis militaribus signis, having brought together, etc., Cs.: signa in laevum cornu confert, concentrates his troops, L.: signa transferre, to desert, Cs.: signa convellere, to take up the standards (from the ground), L.: legionem sub signis ducere, in rank and file: ante signa inter primores, in front of the army, L.—Esp., the standard of a cohort, ensign of a maniple (cf. aquila, the standard of the legion): cum fascīs, cum signa militaria (praemissa).—A cohort, maniple: unius signi milites, L.—A sign, signal, call, watchword, password: signum tubā dare, Cs.: receptui dare, L.: proeli exposcere, Cs.: concinere, Cs.: canere, S.: signum mittendis quadrigis dare (for the start in a race), L.: it bello tessera signum, V.—A sign, token, omen, prognostic, symptom: medici signa quaedam habent ex venis aegroti: Morborum signa docebo, V.: prospera signa dare, O.—An image, figure, statue, picture: Iovis Statoris: expressi voltūs per aënea signa, H.: palla signis auroque rigens, V. —A device on a seal, seal, signet: notum signum, imago avi tui, etc.: Imprimat his signa tabellis, H.: litterae integris signis praetoribus traduntur: volumen sub signo habere, under seal.—A sign in the heavens, constellation: signis omnibus ad principium steliisque revocatis: in signo Leonis: signorum obitūs ortūs, V.: pluviale Capellae, O.* * *battle standard; indication; seal; sign, proof; signal; image, statue -
12 pod
Ⅰ praep. 1. (poniżej) under(neath), beneath, below- pod kredensem/parasolem under the sideboard/an umbrella- pod ziemią below (the) ground, under(neath) the ground- pod powierzchnią below a. under(neath) the surface- mieszkanie pode mną the flat below a. underneath mine- tunele pod centrum miasta tunnels under(neath) a. beneath the city centre- pod warstwą tynku beneath a layer of plaster- czuć piasek pod stopami to feel the sand under a. beneath one’s feet- zaglądałeś pod biurko? have you looked under the desk?- zginął pod kołami ciężarówki he died under the wheels of a lorry- jego córka wpadła pod samochód his daughter was run over a. hit by a car- włóż jakiś sweter pod płaszcz put a jumper on under your coat- na liście jego nazwisko było pod moim his name was underneath mine on the list- złożyć podpis pod petycją to sign a petition- pod jego piórem/pędzlem książk. in his rendition2. (obok, koło) at, by; (z nazwą geograficzną) near- pod drzwiami at a. by the door- pod ścianą by the wall- pod samym szczytem just below a. right beneath the summit- pod basztą/wzgórzem zamkowym at the foot of the tower/the castle hill- pod lasem at the edge of the forest- spotkajmy się pod kinem let’s meet outside the cinema- podwiózł mnie pod dom he drove me right home- podkradł się pod bramę he crept up to the gate- miejscowość pod Krakowem a place near Cracow- bitwa pod Waterloo the Battle of Waterloo- na lato wyjeżdżali zwykle pod Warszawę in the summer they usually stayed somewhere outside Warsaw3. (w kierunku przeciwnym do) against- pod wiatr against the wind- pod prąd against the current, upstream- płynąć pod prąd to go against the current także przen.- pod światło against the light- iść/patrzeć na coś pod słońce to walk/look at sth with the sun in one’s eyes- zrobić zdjęcie pod słońce to take a photo against the sun- pod górę uphill- ścieżka biegnąca pod górę an uphill path, a path going uphill4. (wskazujące na podporządkowanie) under- pod czyimś dowództwem/nadzorem under sb’s command/supervision- pod eskortą policji under police escort- państwo Franków pod rządami Karolingów the Frankish state under (the rule of) the Carolingians- tereny znajdujące się pod okupacją niemiecką areas under German occupation- pacjenci/uczniowie pod moją opieką patients/pupils in my care- córkę zostawili pod opieką babci they left their daughter in the care of her grandmother- przekazać projekt pod dyskusję to put forward a plan for discussion- poddać wniosek pod głosowanie to put a motion to the vote- mam pod sobą 20 pracowników I have 20 people under me- pod wiceministrem było pięciu dyrektorów there were five directors below the deputy minister5. (wskazujące na przyczynę, okoliczności) under- pod narkozą under a general anaesthetic- pod moją/jego nieobecność in my/his absence- pod (czyjąś) presją under pressure (from sb)- pod przymusem under duress książk. a. coercion- pod wpływem kogoś/czegoś under the influence of sb/sth- pod pretekstem ważnego spotkania under a. on the pretext of having an important meeting (to attend)- złamać się/ugiąć się pod ciężarem czegoś to break/buckle under the weight of sth także przen.- zeznawać pod przysięgą to testify under a. on GB oath- obiecał to zrobić pod słowem honoru he gave his word of honour that he would do it, he promised on his word of honour that he would do it- został aresztowany pod zarzutem kradzieży he was arrested on a theft charge a. on a charge of theft- nasze pozycje znalazły się pod silnym ostrzałem wroga our positions came under heavy enemy fire6. (wskazujące na konsekwencje) under- pod groźbą eksmisji under threat of eviction- pod karą grzywny under a. on penalty of a fine- pod karą śmierci on a. under pain of death, under a. on penalty of death- pod odpowiedzialnością karną under a. on penalty of law7. (z nazwą, tytułem) under- wiersz pod tytułem „Kot” a poem entitled ‘Cat’- operacja pod kryptonimem „Arka Noego” an operation code-named a. under the code name ‘Noah’s Ark’- kościół pod wezwaniem św. Augustyna a church dedicated to a. under the patronage of St Augustine- pod pseudonimem under a pseudonym- urodzić się pod znakiem Lwa/Raka to be born under the sign of Leo/Cancer- na liście figurowała pod nazwiskiem panieńskim she appeared on the list under her maiden name- co rozumiesz pod pojęciem feminizmu? what do you understand by the notion of feminism?8. (z adresem, numerem) at- muzeum mieści się pod numerem piątym the museum is located at number five- zanieś te bagaże pod ósemkę take this luggage to (room) number eight- więcej informacji uzyska pan pod numerem 913 you can find out more by ringing 913- zostaw dla mnie wiadomość pod tym numerem leave a message for me at this number9 (wskazujące na dopasowanie) kapelusz pod kolor płaszcza a hat to match the colour of the coat- musisz dobrać narzutę pod kolor zasłon you need to a. have to choose a bedspread to go with a. match (the colour of) the curtains- podkładać słowa pod melodię to put words to the music10 pot. (w stylu) in the style of, in imitation of- obrazy malowane pod Picassa pictures in the style a. in imitation of Picasso- napisał wypracowanie pod swoją polonistkę he wrote his essay the way his Polish teacher would like it11 (blisko) towards, toward US- pod wieczór towards the evening- pod koniec wieku/przedstawienia towards the end of the century/performance- mieć pod pięćdziesiątkę to be getting on for a. approaching fifty- temperatura dochodziła pod czterdziestkę pot. the temperature was approaching forty12 (z okazji) pot. to- wypijmy pod twoją czterdziestkę here’s to your fortieth birthday! pot.- pod nasze spotkanie! here’s to our little get-together! pot.- kieliszek wódki pod śledzika a glass of vodka to go with the herringⅡ pod- w wyrazach złożonych (niżej w hierarchii) sub-, under-- podtytuł subtitle- podsekretarz undersecretary* * *1. prep +instr1) ( poniżej) underpod wodą/ziemią — underwater/underground
pod spodem — below, underneath
2) ( obok) by3) ( w pobliżu) near4) ( dla wyrażenia przyczyny) under2. prep +accpod wpływem/przymusem — under the influence/pressure
1) ( kierunek) underpod wiatr/prąd — against the wind/stream
2) ( dla wyrażenia czasu)pod wieczór/koniec — towards the evening/end
3)pod warunkiem, że... — on condition (that)...; provided lub providing (that)...
książka pod tytułem... — a book entitled...
pod przysięgą — under lub on BRIT oath
pod karą/groźbą czegoś — on pain of/under threat of sth
* * *prep.+ Ins.1. (= poniżej) under; pod stołem under the table; pod ziemią underground; pod wodą underwater; pod spodem below, underneath; pod marynarką/płaszczem under one's jacket/coat; pod parasolem under the umbrella.2. (= tuż przy czymś) by; pod ścianą by the wall; pod drzwiami at the door; dom pod Londynem a house near London; bitwa pod Grunwaldem/Waterloo the battle of Tannenberg/Waterloo; pod ręką at hand; wszystkie potrzebne książki mam pod ręką all the books I need are at hand.3. ( w zwrotach wyrażających przyczynę) under; pod przymusem under pressure; pod wpływem czegoś under the influence of sth; pod naciskiem under duress; pod zarzutem czegoś on a charge of something; ugiąć się pod ciężarem czegoś be laden with sth, bend down under the load of sth; pod pretekstem czegoś under l. with the pretext of sth.4. (= pod nadzorem, opieką) under, in; pod czyimś przewodnictwem under the leadership of sb; pod kontrolą under control; pod czyimś kierunkiem under sb's supervision; pod czyimś dowództwem under sb's command; pod okiem wychowawcy under the tutor's supervision; statek pod polską banderą a ship under the Polish banner; urodzić się pod szczęśliwą gwiazdą be born under a lucky star.5. ( dla wyrażenia sankcji) under, on; pod groźbą czegoś under threat of sth; pod karą pozbawienia wolności under threat of imprisonment; zeznawać pod przysięgą testify on l. under the oath.6. ( w zwrotach wyrażających nazwy) kościół pod wezwaniem św. Tomasza St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas's Church, the Church of St. Thomas; powieść pod tytułem... novel entitled...; lepiej znana pod panieńskim nazwiskiem better known by her maiden name; piszę pod pseudonimem Kulis I write under the pen name of Kulis; kino pod nazwą Paladium Paladium movie-theater.7. ( w zwrotach wyrażających położenie) podpisać się pod listem/petycją sign a letter/petition; umieścić pieczęć pod umową stamp the contract/agreement.9. + Acc. ( w zwrotach wyrażających kierunek) under; pod stół under the table; pod prąd against the stream l. tide; pod wiatr against the wind; pod górę uphill; wpaść pod tramwaj/samochód/pociąg be hit by a streetcar/car/train, be run over by a streetcar/car/train.10. + Acc. (w zwrotach wyrażających czas, okoliczności) at, in; pod koniec lipca at the end of July; pod wieczór in the evening, towards (the) evening; pod twoją nieobecność in your absence; mężczyzna pod pięćdziesiątkę a man approaching l. nearing fifty.11. + Acc. ( w zwrotach wyrażających robienie czegoś na wzór czegoś) robić coś pod dyktando do what one is told by sb; dobrać zasłony pod kolor dywanu match the curtains with the carpet; malować pod kogoś paint for sb.12. + Acc. ( w innych zwrotach) oddać propozycję pod dyskusję submit the suggestion for discussion; wziąć coś pod rozwagę take sth into consideration; oddać projekt ustawy pod głosowanie submit the bill to a vote.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > pod
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13 give
1. Ithe door gave дверь подалась; the ice gave лед сломался /не выдержал/; the foundations are giving фундамент оседает; at the height of the storm the bridge gave в самый разгар бури мост не выдержал и рухнул; his knees seemed to give ему казалось, что у него подкашиваются ноги; the branch gave but did not break ветка прогнулась, но не сломалась; а soft chair (a bed, a mattress, etc.) gives [when one sits on it] мягкий стул и т. д. проминается [, когда на него садятся]; the frost is beginning to give мороз начинает слабеть2. II1) give in some manner. give generously /unsparingly, abundantly/ щедро и т. д. давать /дарить, одаривать/; give grudgingly нехотя делать подарки2) give in some manner this chair (the mattress, the bed, etc.) gives comfortably (a lot) этот стул и т. д. приятно (сильно) проминается; the springs won't give enough /much/ пружины довольно тугие; the горе has given a good deal веревка сильно растянулась /ослабла/; give for some time the frost did not give all day мороз не отпускал весь день3. IIIgive smth.1) give food (medicine, L 3, etc.) давать еду и т. д., give presents дарить /делать/ подарки; give a grant давать дотацию /пособие/; give a scholarship предоставлять стипендию; give a medal награждать медалью; give alms подавать милостыню2) give a message передавать записку /сообщение/; give one's regards передать привет3) give a large crop (10 per cent profit, etc.) приносить / давать/ большой урожай и т. д.; give fruit плодоносить; give milk давать молоке; give heat излучать тепло; the lamp gives a poor light лампа светит тускло /дает, излучает тусклый свет/; his work gives good results его работа дает хорошие результаты; two times two /two multiplied by two/ gives four дважды два give четыре4) give facts (news, details, the following figures, etc.) приводить /сообщать/ факты и т. д.; give an example /an instance/ приводить /давать/ пример: the dictionary doesn't give this word в словаре нет этого слова; the list gives ten names в списке [приведено /указано/] / список содержит/ десять имен; he gave a full account of the event он все рассказал /дал полный отчет/ об этом событии; he gave no particulars он не сообщил никаких подробностей; give a portrait (a character, the scenery of the country, etc.) нарисовать портрет и т. д.; in his book he gives a description of their customs в своей книге он описывает их нравы; give evidence /testimony/ давать показания; give one's name and address дать /назвать/ свой фамилию и адрес5) the thermometer gives forty degrees термометр показывает сорок градусов; the barometer gives rain барометр пошел на дождь; give no sign of life не подавать признаков жизни; give no sign of recognition a) не подать виду, что узнал; б) не узнать; give no sign of embarrassment нисколько не смутиться6) give a dinner (a dinner party, a ball, a party, a concert, a performance, etc.) давать /устраивать/ обед и т. д.7) give lessons (instruction, exact information, etc.) давать уроки и т. д., give smth. in smth. give lessons in mathematics (instruction in golf, etc.) давать уроки по математике и т. д.; give smth. on smth. give lectures on psychology (on biology, on various subjects, etc.) читать лекции по психологии и т. д., give a lecture прочитать лекцию, выступить с лекцией; give a song (one of Beethoven's sonatas, a concerto, etc.) исполнять песню и т. д., give a recital (a recitation) выступать с сольным концертом (с художественным чтением)8) give one's good wishes желать всего доброго / хорошего/; give one's blessing давать свое благословение: give a toast провозглашать тост; give smb.'s health /the health of smb./ поднимать тост за чье-л. здоровье9) give a point in the argument уступить по одному какому-л. вопросу в споре; give way /ground/ отступать, сдавать [свои] позиции; the army (our troops, the crowd, etc.) gave way армия и т. д. отступила; the door (the axle, the railing, etc.) gave way дверь и т. д. подалась; the bridge (the ice, the floor, the ground, etc.) gave way мост и т. д. провалился; the rope /the line/ gave way веревка лопнула; my legs gave way у меня подкосились ноги; his health is giving way его здоровье пошатнулось; his strength is giving way силы оставляют его; if he argues don't give way если он будет спорить, не уступайте10) give a decision сообщать решение; give judg (e)ment выносить приговор; give notice а) предупреждать о предстоящем увольнении; б) уведомлять11) semiaux give a look /а glance/ взглянуть, бросить взгляд; give a jump /а leap/ (под)прыгнуть, сделать прыжок; give a push (a pull) толкнуть (потянуть); give a kick ударить ногой, лягнуть; give a smile улыбнуться; give a kiss поцеловать; give a loud laugh громко засмеяться /рассмеяться/; give a cry /а shout/ издавать крик; give a sigh вздохнуть; give a groan застонать; give a sob всхлипнуть; give a start вздрогнуть; give a nod кивнуть; give a shake [of one's head] отрицательно покачать головой; give an injection делать укол; give a shrug of the shoulders пожать плечами; give a wave of the hand махнуть рукой; give a blow ударить; give a rebuff давать отпор; give a beating задать порку, избить; give chase пускаться в погоню; give a wag of the tail вильнуть хвостом; give an order (a command, instructions, etc.) отдавать приказ /распоряжение/ и т. д.; give an answer /а reply/ давать ответ, отвечать; give help оказывать помощь; give the alert объявлять тревогу; give a warning делать предупреждение; give advice советовать, давать совет; give a suggestion предлагать, выдвигать предложение; give a promise (one's word, one's pledge, etc.) давать обещание и т. д.; give shelter давать /предоставлять/ убежище; give a volley дать залп; the gun gave a loud report раздался громкий ружейный выстрел; give offence обижать, наносить обиду; give battle давать бой; give a chance (an opportunity, power, etc.) предоставлять /давать/ возможность и т. д.4. IVgive smth. somewhere1) give back the books you borrowed (my pen, my newspaper, etc.) возвращать книги, которые вы взяли и т. д.; give smth. in some manner give money generously (grudgingly, freely, etc.) щедро и т. д. давать деньги; regularly give presents регулярно делать подарки2) give smth. at some time give a message immediately немедленно передать записку3) give smth. at some time give profit (10 per cent, etc.) regularly (annually, etc.) регулярно и т. д. приносить прибыль и т. д.4) give smth. in some manner give an extract in full (at length, in detail, etc.) приводить отрывок полностью и т. д.5) semiaux give smth. in some manner give aid willingly охотно оказывать помощь; give one's answers loudly (distinctly, etc.) давать ответы /отвечать/ громко и т. д.5. V1) give smb. smth. give me your pencil (him this book, her your hand, me a match, the child a glass of milk, the boy his medicine, etc.) дайте мне ваш карандаш и т. д., give smb. a present сделать кому-л. подарок; give him watch (her a ring, etc.) подарить ему часы и т. д.; give her a bunch of flowers преподнести ей букет цветов; what has he given you? что он вам подарил /преподнес/?; give him a letter from his mother (her a note from me, etc.) передавать ему письмо от матери и т. д.; give an actor a role (him a job, etc.) предлагать /давать/ актеру роль и т. д.; give smb. the place of honour отвести кому-л. почетное место; give me long distance дайте мне междугородную; I give you my word (my promise, my consent, etc.) 'даю вам слово и т. д.; give smb. smth. for smth. give smb. a watch for a present преподнести кому-л. часы в качестве подарка; give women equal pay with men for their work оплачивать труд женщин наравне с трудом мужчин; give smb. smth. in smth. give them parts in his new play распределять между ними роли в его новой пьесе; give smb. smb. she gave him a beautiful baby boy она родила ему прекрасного мальчика2) give smb. smth. give him the message (me the letter, etc.) передавать ему записку и т. д.; give smb. one's love (one's compliments, one's kind regards, etc.) передавать кому-л. привет и т. д.; give him my thanks передайте ему мою благодарность; I give you my very best wishes желаю вам всего самого лучшего3) give smb. smth. give smb. an illness (measles, a sore throat, etc.) заразить кого-л. какой-л. болезнью и т. д.; you've given me your cold вы заразили меня насморком, я от вас заразился насморком4) give smb., smth. smth. give us warmth and light (us fruit, people meat, us milk, us wool and leather, etc.) давать нам тепло и свет и т. д.; give men pleasure (him joy, the children enjoyment, her satisfaction, etc.) доставлять людям удовольствие и т. д.; give smb. [much] pain (much trouble, sorrow, etc.) причинять кому-л. боль и т. д.; too much noise gives me a headache от сильного шума у меня начинается головная боль; give smb. courage (me patience, him strength, her more self-confidence, etc.) придавать кому-л. мужество и т. д.; that gave me the idea of travelling это навело меня на мысль о путешествии; give smth. flavour придавать чему-л. вкус5) give smb. smth. give the commission an account of his trip (us a good description of the man, him wrong information, him good proof, etc.) давать комиссии отчет /отчитываться перед комиссией/ о своей поездке и т. д.; give me your opinion сообщите мне свое мнение; give us human nature truthfully (the reader a true picture of his age, etc.) описать /воссоздать/ для нас подлинную картину человеческой природы и т. д.6) give smb. smth. give the child a name дать ребенку имя; give smth. smth. give the book a strange title дать книге странное заглавие /название/; this town gave the battle its name эта битва получила название по городу, близ которого она произошла7) give smb. smth. give smb. lessons (music lessons, lessons in French, consultations, instruction, etc.) давать кому-л. уроки и т. д., give smb. a concerto (a play, etc.) исполнить для кого-л. концерт и т. д.; give us Bach (us another song, etc.) исполните нам /для нас/ Баха и т. д.; who will give us a song? кто вам споет? || give smb. an example служить кому-л. примером; give the other boys an example подавать другим мальчикам пример8) give smb. smth. give smb. good morning (him good day, us good evening, etc.) пожелать кому-л. доброго утра и т. д., give smb. one's blessing благословлять кого-л.; give smb. smth., smb. give them our country (our host, the Governor, etc.) предложить им выпить за нашу страну и т. д.9) give smb. smth. give smb. six months' imprisonment (five years, two years of hard labour, etc.) приговорить кого-л. к пяти месяцам тюремного заключения и т. д.10) semiaux give smb., smth. smth. give smb. a look (a fleeting glance, etc.) бросить на кого-л. взгляд и т. д.; give smb. a smile улыбнуться кому-л.; give smb. a kiss поцеловать кого-л.; give smb. a blow нанести кому-л. удар, стукнуть кого-л.; give smb. a push толкнуть кого-л.; give smb. a kick лягнуть, ударить кого-л. ногой; give smb. a nod кивнуть кому-л. [головой]; give smb. a beating избить /поколотить/ кого-л.; give one's hat a brush почистить шляпу; give a blackboard a wipe стереть с доски; give smb.'s hand a squeeze сжать или пожать кому-л. руку; give them our support (him help, him a hand, them every assistance, etc.) оказать им поддержку и т. д.; give the matter every care внимательно отнестись к вопросу; give smb. a warning предупреждать кого-л.; give smb. an order (instructions, etc.) отдать кому-л. приказ и т. д.; give smb. an answer /а reply/ давать кому-л. ответ, отвечать кому-л.; my old coat gives me good service мое старое пальто все еще служит мне; give me a chance (him another opportunity, etc.) предоставьте мне возможность и т. д.6. VII1) give smth. to do smth. give a signal to start (notice to leave, etc.) давать сигнал к отправлению и т. д.; give a push to open the door толкнуть дверь, чтобы она открылась; give a lot to know it (anything to know what happened, the world to have it, the world to secure such a thing, etc.) многое отдать, чтобы узнать это и т. д. || give smb. to understand дать кому-л. понять2) give smb. smth. to do give him a book to read (me something to eat, her a glass of water to drink, him the right to complain, him a week to make up his mind, us an hour to get there, myself time to think it over, etc.) дать ему прочесть книгу и т. д.; give a porter one's bags to carry (a groom one's horse to hold, etc.) попросить носильщика отнести вещи и т. д.; give him a letter to mail дать /велеть/ ему отправить письмо; give her a message to deliver дать ей записку для передачи7. XI1) be given smth. he was given a job (quarters, a rest, etc.) ему дали /предложили/ работу и т. д., he was given a book (a watch, L 50, a ring, etc.) ему подарили книгу и т. д.; be given to smb., smth. a book (a watch, etc.) was given to him ему подарили книгу и т. д., he was given a contract с ним заключили контракт; be given in some manner our services are given free of charge мы оказываем услуги бесплатно; invitations are given gratuitously (periodically, willingly, etc.) приглашения рассылаются бесплатно и т. д., be given somewhere articles (books, etc.) must be given back статьи и т. д. должны быть возвращены2) be given to smb. of all the books that have been given to the public on the problem из всех выпущенных по данному вопросу книг3) || semiaux I was given to understand that... мне дали понять, что...4) be given to smth. be given to idleness (to luxury and pleasure, to drink, to these pursuits, etc.) иметь склонность к безделью и т. д., he is much given to music он увлекается музыкой; be given in so me manner I am not given that way у меня не такой склад /характер/; be given to doing smth. be given to drinking (to day-dreaming, to lying, to contradicting, to swearing, to shooting and hunting, etc.) любить выпить, иметь пристрастие к выпивке и т. д.; he is given to stealing он нечист на руку; he is given to boasting он хвастлив || semiaux (not) be given to smb. to do smth. it is not given to him to understand it (to appreciate beauty, to express his thoughts eloquently, to become famous, etc.) ему не дано понять это и т. д.5) be given somewhere the figures (the data, the results, etc.) are given below ( above) цифры и т. д. приведены ниже (выше); as given below (above) как показано /сказано/ ниже (выше); the word (this phrase, etc.) is not given in the dictionary словарь не дает /не приводит/ этого слова и т. д., be given in some manner the prices are given separately цены даются отдельно; this is given as a hypothesis это приводится в виде гипотезы6) be given smth. he was given the name of John его назвали Джоном; be given in some manner the subtitle is given rather grandiloquently дан очень пышный подзаголовок7) be given at some place the opera (the play, etc.) was first given in Paris (on this stage, etc.) эта опера и т. д. была впервые поставлена в Париже и т. д.; be given at some time the play is to be given again next month пьеса вновь пойдет /пьесу снова покажут/ в следующем месяце8) be given smth. be given six years' imprisonment (a severe punishment, a stiff sentence, a reprieve, etc.) получить шесть лет тюрьмы и т. д.; be given for (against) smb. the decision (the judg(e)ment, etc.) was given for (against) the defendant ( the plaintiff, etc.) решение и т. д. было вынесено в пользу (против) обвиняемого и т. д.8. XVI1) give to /for/ smth., smb. give to the Red Cross (to charity, to the poor, for the relief of the victims of the flood, etc.) жертвовать [средства] в пользу Красного Креста и т. д.2) give under smth. the fence (the beam, etc.) may give under the weight забор и т. д. может рухнуть под такой тяжестью; the earth /the soil/ (the marshy ground, etc.) gave under the vehicle под тяжестью машины почва и т. д. осела; the step gave under his feet ступенька сломалась у него под ногами; the lock gave under hard pushing мы напирали на дверь, пока замок не сломался; give on smth. we can't negotiate until each side is willing to give on some points успешные переговоры невозможны [до тех пор], пока каждая сторона не пойдет на определенные уступки3) give (up)on (into, onto) smth. the window ( the door, the gate, etc.) gives (up)on the street (on the garden, on the side street, into /on(to)/ the yard, on the sea, etc.) окно и т. д. выходит на улицу и т. д., the road gave onto the highway дорога выходила на шоссе9. XVIIIgive oneself to smth. give oneself to mathematics (to study, to science, etc.) посвятить себя математике и т. д.; give oneself to thought (to meditation, to prayer, etc.) предаваться размышлениям и т. д.; the invaders gave themselves to plunder захватчики занимались грабежом10. XXI11) give smth. to smb., smth. give a book to each of the boys (food to the hungry, medicine to a patient, money to a beggar, etc.) давать каждому мальчику по книге и т. д.; money to the Red Cross (all his books to the library, his collection to the college, etc.) передать /( пожертвовать/ деньги Красному Кресту и т.; give one's hand to the visitor подать / пожать, протянуть/ руку посетителю; give a part to an actor дать актеру роль; give place to the old woman (to new methods, etc.) уступить место пожилой женщине и т. д.; give her face to the sun подставить лицо солнцу; give smth. for smb., smth. give his life for his friends (for his country, for a cause, etc.) отдать свою жизнь за друзей и т. д.; give smth. to smth., smb. give (no) thought to it (не) задумываться над этим; give [one's] attention to smb. оказывать кому-л. внимание; give credit to smth. прислушиваться к чему-л.; give credit to the report доверять сообщению || give one's ear to smb., smth. прислушиваться к кому-л., чему-л.; give ear to the rumour прислушиваться к тому, что говорят; give one's daughter in marriage выдавать /отдавать/ дочь замуж2) give smth. to smb. give the command of the regiment to him поручить ему командование полком; give my love /my kind regards, my compliments/ to her (to your family, etc.) передавать ей и т. д. привет; give smb., smth. into smb., smth. give the children into smb.'s hands (into smb.'s care, into smb.'s charge, etc.) передавать детей в чьи-л. руки и т. д., поручать детей кому-л. и т. д., give the thief into the hands of the police передать вора в руки полиции; give the prisoner into custody отдать заключенного под стражу3) give smth. to smth., smb. give perfume to the linen (an edge to the appetite, brilliance to the thing, etc.) придавать белью аромат и т. д.; give a disease to smb. (a cold to the boy, measles to a whole school, etc.) заразить кого-л. какой-л. болезнью и т. д.; give motion to the wheel привести колесо в движение; give currency to smth. пускать что-л. в обращение; give currency to rumours распускать слухи; his novel gave currency to this phrase после выхода в свет его романа это выражение стало крылатым; give rise to smth. породить /вызвать/ что-л.; his behaviour gave rise to rumours его поведение дало повод разговорам4) give smth. for smth. give five pounds for the hat (as much as L 3 for this book, a good price for the car, etc.) (заплатать пять фунтов за шляпу и т. д.; how much /what/ did you give for that? сколько вы за это заплатили?; give prizes /premiums/ for the best exhibits выдавать призы за лучшие экспонаты; give smth. to smb. give good wages to the workers хорошо платить рабочим5) give smth. to smth., smb. give one's free time to golf (one's mind to scientific research, one's attention to study, one's heart to art, one's energy to political affairs, one's love to her, etc.) отдавать все свое свободное время игре в гольф и т. д.; give one's life to science (to the cause of peace, to study, to one's duty, etc.) отдать /посвятить/ свой жизнь науке и т. д.6) give smth. with smth. give the story with many unnecessary particulars (a description with many side remarks, evidence with no trace of bias, etc.) рассказать эту историю со многими ненужными подробностями и т. д.; give the scenery with great fidelity описывать /воспроизводить/ пейзаж с большой точностью; give smth. for smth. give his reasons for his absence (for the delay, for her lateness, etc.) объяснять свое отсутствие и т. д.7) give smth. at smth. the bulletin gives the population of the country at 90 millions (the average number of attempts at 3, the number of instances at 8, etc.) в бюллетене указывается, что население этой страны ранки девяноста миллионам и т. д.; give smth. in smth. give 30° in the shade (in the sun) показывать /регистрировать/ тридцать градусов в тени (на солнце)8) give smth. to smth. the city gave its name to the battle эта ботва получила название по городу, близ которого она произошла; the largest city gave its name to the province эта область названа по самому большому городу9) give smth. for smb. give a dinner (a party, etc.) for 20 guests давать обед и т. д. на двадцать человек /персон/10) give smth. to smb. give instruction to a class of adults (lessons to children, interviews to journalists, etc.) давать уроки группе взрослых и т. д., give a talk to the recruits провести беседу с новобранцами11) give smth. to smb. give three hearty cheers to the winners встречать победителей троекратным "ура"12) || give way to smth., smb. отступать перед чем-л., кем-л.; give way to а саг (to traffic coming in from the right, to the man, etc.) пропускать автомобиль и т. д., давать дорогу автомобилю и т. д.; give way to despair впасть в отчаяние; give way to temptation (to grief, etc.) поддаться соблазну и т. д.; give way to emotions уступить чувствам, быть не в состоянии справиться со своими чувствами; give way to tears не сдержать слезы, расплакаться; give way to his whims (to him, to these impudent demands, etc.) уступать его капризам и т. д., give way to anger не сдержать гнева, дать волю гневу; give place to smth., smb. отступать перед чем-л., кем-л.; spring gave place to summer на смену весне пришло лето13) semiaux give smth., to smb., smth. give a blow to smb. нанести кому-л. удар; give a signal to the guard подавать сигнал часовому; give a turn to a key in the lock повернуть ключ в замке; give help to the needy оказывать помощь нуждающимся; give an order to the servants (a command to the soldiers. etc.) отдать распоряжение слугам и т. д.; give an answer to the man ответить этому человеку; give encouragement to the boy ободрить /подбодрить/ мальчика; give chase to a ship [начать] преследовать корабль11. XXIV1give smth. as smth. give a book (a jack-knife, etc.) as a present давать книгу и т. д. в качестве подарка, дарить книгу и т. д., give smth. as a keepsake дарить что-л. на память -
14 austragen
(unreg., trennb., hat -ge-)I v/t2. MED. (Kind) carry to term; sie will das Kind austragen (will nicht abtreiben) she wants to have the child ( oder baby)3. (Meinungsverschiedenheiten) argue out; (zu Ende bringen) settle, resolve; (Kampf) fight out, carry on; einen Streit mit jemandem austragen have it out with s.o. umg.; etw. vor Gericht austragen take s.th. to court* * *to play* * *aus|tra|gen sep1. vteinen Streit mit jdm áústragen — to have it out with sb
2) Waren, Post etc to deliver3)ein Kind áústragen — to carry a child (through) to full term
4) (= abmelden) to sign out; (= löschen) Zahlen, Daten to take out; (aus Liste, bei Buchung) jdn to cancel sb's name2. vrto sign out* * *aus|tra·gen1. (zu Fuß zustellen)▪ etw \austragen to deliver sth2. (stattfinden lassen)▪ etw \austragen to hold stheinen Streit mit jdm \austragen to have it out with sb3. (streichen)einen Namen aus einer Liste \austragen to take a name off a list, to cross a name out on a list4. (bis zur Geburt behalten)▪ ein Baby/ein Tier \austragen to carry a baby/an animal to [the full] term* * *unregelmäßiges transitives Verb1) (zustellen) deliver <newspapers, post>4) (bes. Sport) hold <competition, race, event>* * *austragen (irr, trennb, hat -ge-)A. v/t1. (Briefe etc) deliver;Zeitungen austragen deliver (news)papers, do a (news)paper round3. (Meinungsverschiedenheiten) argue out; (zu Ende bringen) settle, resolve; (Kampf) fight out, carry on;einen Streit mit jemandem austragen have it out with sb umg;etwas vor Gericht austragen take sth to courtB. v/r take one’s name off the list; vor dem Weggehen: sign out* * *unregelmäßiges transitives Verb1) (zustellen) deliver <newspapers, post>4) (bes. Sport) hold <competition, race, event> -
15 capitular
adj.capitular, capitulary.v.1 to capitulate, to surrender.Los soldados capitularon súbitamente The soldiers capitulated suddenly.El pueblo capituló su libertad The village surrendered its liberty.2 to come to terms, to make a pact, to acquiesce.Las partes capitularon al fin The parties came to terms at last.* * *► adjetivo1 capitular, capitulary1 (individuo de alguna comunidad eclesiástica) capitular1 MILITAR (rendirse) to capitulate2 (pactar) to come to an agreement, reach an agreement1 (pactar) to agree to2 (hacer capítulos de cargos) to charge* * *I1. VT1) [+ condiciones] to agree to, agree on2) (Jur) to charge (de with)impeach2. VI1) (Mil) (=rendirse) to capitulate, surrender2) (=pactar) to come to terms, make an agreement ( con with)IIADJ (Rel) chapter antes de ssala capitular — chapter house, meeting room
* * *verbo intransitivo to surrender, capitulate* * *= capitulate, surrender.Ex. The battle raged far longer than expected before the Spaniards finally capitulated.Ex. And we know that when one side surrenders to another in battle, it's a sign they've given up any hope for victory.----* sala capitular = chapter house.* * *verbo intransitivo to surrender, capitulate* * *= capitulate, surrender.Ex: The battle raged far longer than expected before the Spaniards finally capitulated.
Ex: And we know that when one side surrenders to another in battle, it's a sign they've given up any hope for victory.* sala capitular = chapter house.* * *vito surrender, capitulate* * *
capitular
I verbo intransitivo
1 Mil (rendirse) to capitulate, surrender
2 (pactar) to reach an agreement
3 (ceder, claudicar) to give in
II adjetivo Rel of the chapter
' capitular' also found in these entries:
English:
capitulate
* * *capitular1 adjsala capitular chapterhousecapitular2 vito capitulate, to surrender* * *I v/i surrender, capitulateII adj REL:sala capitular chapterhouse* * *capitular vi: to capitulate, to surrender -
16 σημεῖον
σημεῖον, τό, [dialect] Ion. [full] σημήϊον, [dialect] Dor. [full] σᾱμήϊον IG12(3).452 (Thera, iv B.C.), [full] σᾱμεῖον IPE12.352.25 (Chersonesus, ii B.C.), IG5(1).1390.16 (Andania, i B.C.), [full] σᾱμᾶον CIG5168 ([place name] Cyrene):—= σῆμα in all senses, and more common in Prose, but never in Hom. or Hes.:A mark by which a thing is known, Hdt.2.38;σημεῖα τῶν δεδικασμένων.., σημεῖα πάντων ὧν ἔπραξαν Pl.R. 614c
; sign of the future, τυραννίδος ς. A.Ag. 1355;σ. λαβεῖν ἔκ τινος E.Hipp. 514
; trace, track,σημεῖα δ' οὔτε θηρὸς οὔτε του κυνῶν.. ἐξεφαίνετο S.Ant. 257
, cf. El. 886;τῆς καταβάσεως X.An.6.2.2
; of a cork on a buoy, Paus.8.12.1.b [dialect] Dor., tomb, IG12(3).452 (iv B.C.), CIGl.c.2 sign from the gods, omen, S.OC94;τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν θεῶν σ. γενόμενα Antipho 5.81
, cf. Pl.Phdr. 244c, Ap. 40b, X.Cyr.1.6.1; wonder, portent, LXX Ex.4.8, al.;σ. καὶ τέρατα Plb.3.112.8
, Ev.Matt.24.24, Ev.Jo.4.48, cf. IPEl.c., D.S.17.114;φόβηθρα καὶ σ. ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ Ev.Luc.21.11
; esp. of the constellations, regarded as signs,δύεται σημεῖα E.Rh. 529
(lyr.), cf. Ion 1157.3 sign or signal to do a thing, made by flags, ἀνέδεξε σημήϊον τοῖσι ἄλλοισι ἀνάγεσθαι he made signal for the rest to put to sea, Hdt.7.128; signal for battle, τὰ σ. ἤρθη, κατεσπάσθη, Th.1.49,63, etc.; καθαιρεῖν τὸ ς. to take it down, strike the flag, as a sign of dissolving an assembly, And.1.36; τὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας ς. Ar.Th. 278; ὕστερος ἐλθεῖν τοῦ ς. Id.V. 690: generally, signal,σ. ὑποδηλῶσαί τινι ὅτι.. Id.Th. 1011
;τὰ σ. αὐτοῖς ἤρθη Th.4.42
; τὸ σ. τοῦ πυρός, ὡς εἴρητο, ἀνέσχον ib. 111; signal to commence work, [ἡ] τοῦ σημείου ἄρσις Ath.Mitt.35.403
(Pergam.); σημείῳ ἀβαστάκτῳ, σημείοις ἀβαστάκτοις with unremoved signal (s), of gymnasia, i.e. never closed, IGRom.4.446 (ibid.), Abh.Berl.Akad.1932(5).44(ibid., ii A.D.).4 standard or flag, on the admiral's ship, Hdt.8.92; on the general's tent, X.Cyr.8.5.13; ἔξω τῶν ς. out of the lines, ib.8.3.19.5 landmark, boundary, limit, ἔξω τῶν σ. τοῦ ὑμετέρου ἐμπορίου out of the limits of your commercial port, D.35.28; of milestones, Plu.CG7, Hdn.2.13.9.6 device upon a shield, Hdt.1.171, E.Ph. 1114; upon ships, figure-head, Ar.Ra. 933, Th.6.31, E.IA 255 (lyr.).7 signet on ring, etc., Ar.Eq. 952, V. 585, Pl.Tht. 191d, al., X.HG5.1.30, D.42.2, PRev.Laws 26.5 (iii B.C.); figure, image,Διὸς κτησίου Anticl.13
; badge,τρίαιναν σ. θεοῦ A.Supp. 218
: pl., written characters,γράψαι σημήϊα.. φωνῆς IG14.1549
([place name] Rome).8 watchword, war-cry, Plb.5.69.8;ἀπὸ σ. ἑνὸς ἐπιστρέφειν τὰς ναῦς Th.2.90
, cf.X.HG6.2.28.II sign, token, indication of anything that is or is to be, S.OT 1059, E.Ph. 1332;σ. φαίνεις ἐσθλὸς.. γεγώς S.El.24
, cf. OT 710;τέχνης σ. τῆς ἐμῆς Id.Ant. 998
; so laterτὰ σ. τῶν καιρῶν Ev.Matt.16.3
, etc.2 in reasoning, a sign or proof, Ar.Nu. 369, Th.1.6,10, And. 2.25, etc.;τούτων ὑμῖν σημεῖα δείξω Aeschin.2.103
, cf. 3.46;τάδε τὰ σ. ὡς.. X.Ages.1.5
;σ. εἰ.. Pl.Grg. 520e
; ὅτι ἀγαθὸς ἦν.., τοῦτο μέγιστον ς. Id.Min. 321b; τὸ μὴ ἐκδυθῆναι οὐδὲν σ. ἐστι is no proof to the contrary, Antipho 2.2.5; also, instance, example, Hp.VM 20; σημεῖον δέ· to introduce an argument, D.21.149, Isoc.4.86,107, etc.3 in the Logic of Arist., a sign used as a probable argument in proof of a conclusion, opp. τεκμήριον (a demonstrative or certain proof), APr. 70a11, SE 167b9, Rh. 1357a33.b in Stoic and Epicurean philos., sign as observable basis of inference to the unobserved or unobservable, Epicur.Ep.2p.43U., Phld.Sign.27, al., S.E.M.8.142, al.; περὶ σημείων (dub. sens.), title of work by Zeno, Stoic.1.14.4 Medic., symptom, Hp.Morb.3.6, 15, Aret.SD1.9, Gal.1.313, 18(2).306.5 pl., shorthand symbols, Plu.Cat.Mi.23, Gal. Libr.Propr.1, POxy.724.3 (ii A.D.), Lib.Or.42.25.III = στιγμή, mathematical point, Arist.APo. 76b5, Ph. 240b3, Euc.Def.1, al.; also ς. (with or without χρόνου) point of time, instant, Arist.Cael. 283a11, Ph. 262b2sq.2 in Prosody and Music, unit of time, Aristid.Quint.1.14, Longin.Proll. Heph.5.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σημεῖον
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17 paso
adj.dried.intj.open up, gangway.m.1 passing.el paso del tiempo the passage of timecon el paso de los años as the years go byel Ebro, a su paso por Zaragoza the Ebro, as it flows through Zaragozasu paso fugaz por la universidad his brief spell at the universityabrirse paso entre la multitud to make o force one's way through the crowdpaso del ecuador = (celebration marking) halfway stage in a university course2 step.dar un paso adelante o al frente to step forward, to take a step forward3 walk.a paso ligero at a brisk pacemarcar el paso to keep timea este paso no acabaremos nunca at this rate we'll never finish4 step (etapa, acontecimiento).dar los pasos necesarios to take the necessary stepspaso a paso step by step5 crossing (cruce).paso fronterizo border crossing (point)paso peatonal o de peatones pedestrian crossing6 pass (geography) (en montaña).7 step in a process, stride, move.8 passage, pass, crossing point.9 pace, walking pace.10 gateway.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: pasar.* * *1 (movimiento) step, footstep■ ¡no des ni un paso más! don't move another step!2 (distancia) pace3 (camino) passage, way4 (avance) progress, advance5 (trámite) step, move6 (de montaña) mountain pass; (de mar) strait\a cada paso at every turna paso de tortuga at a snail's paceabrirse paso to force one's way throughapretar el paso to hurrycerrarle el paso a alguien to block somebody' s waydar paso a (hacer posible) to pave the way for 2 (provocar) to give rise to 3 (dejar pasar) to let through, make way for 4 (pasar a) to move on todar sus primeros pasos to start walkingestar a un paso/a dos pasos to be very closeestar de paso to be passing throughhacer algo de paso to do something as well■ de paso, tráeme tabaco while you're there, get me some cigarettesno dar un paso sin... not to do a thing without...paso a paso step by step'Prohibido el paso' "No entry"salir al paso de alguien to waylay somebodysalir al paso de algo to forestall somethingseguirle los pasos a alguien to follow somebody close behind 2 figurado to follow in somebody's footstepsceda el paso (señal) give way sign, US yield signpaso a nivel level crossing, US grade crossingpaso de cebra zebra crossingpaso de peatones pedestrian crossingpaso del ecuador half-way point (in university studies)paso elevado flyoverpaso subterráneo (de peatones) subway* * *noun m.1) passage2) footstep3) pace4) way* * *IADJ driedII1. SM1) (=acción de pasar)contemplaban el paso de la procesión desde un balcón — they watched the procession go by from a balcony
por estas fechas tiene lugar el paso de las cigüeñas por nuestra región — this is the time of year when the storks fly over our region
el presidente, a su paso por nuestra ciudad... — the president, during his visit to our city...
el huracán arrasó con todo lo que encontró a su paso — the hurricane flattened everything in its path
•
ceder el paso — to give way, yield (EEUU)ceda el paso — give way, yield (EEUU)
•
dar paso a algo, el invierno dio paso a la primavera — winter gave way to springahora vamos a dar paso a nuestro corresponsal en Lisboa — we now go over to our correspondent in Lisbon
las protestas dieron paso a una huelga — the protests led to o were followed by a strike
•
de paso, mencionaron el tema solo de paso — they only mentioned the matter in passing¿puedes ir al supermercado, de paso que vas a la farmacia? — could you go to the supermarket on your way to the chemist's?
de paso recuérdale que tiene un libro nuestro — remind him that he's got a book of ours while you're at it
•
entrar de paso — to drop in•
estar de paso — to be passing throughpaso del Ecuador — party or trip organized by university students to celebrate the halfway stage in their degree course
avepaso franco, paso libre — free passage
2) (=camino) way; (Arquit) passage; (Geog) pass; (Náut) strait¡paso! — make way!
•
abrirse paso — to make one's way•
cerrar el paso — to block the way•
dejar el paso libre — to leave the way open•
impedir el paso — to block the waypaso a desnivel, paso a distinto nivel — (Aut) flyover, overpass (EEUU)
paso a nivel — level crossing, grade crossing (EEUU)
paso (de) cebra — Esp zebra crossing, crosswalk (EEUU)
paso de peatones — pedestrian crossing, crosswalk (EEUU)
paso elevado — (Aut) flyover, overpass (EEUU)
paso inferior — underpass, subway
paso subterráneo — underpass, subway
paso superior — (Aut) flyover, overpass (EEUU)
3) [al andar] (=acción) step; (=ruido) footstep; (=huella) footprint•
coger el paso — to fall into step•
dar un paso — to take a step¿ha dado ya sus primeros pasos? — has she taken her first steps yet?
•
dirigir sus pasos hacia — to head towards•
hacer pasos — (Baloncesto) to travel (with the ball)•
volvió sobre sus pasos — she retraced her stepsla demanda aumenta a pasos agigantados — demand is increasing at a rate of knots o extremely quickly
paso adelante — (lit, fig) step forward
paso atrás — (lit, fig) step backwards
4) (=modo de andar) [de persona] walk, gait; [de caballo] gait•
acelerar el paso — to go faster, speed up•
aflojar el paso — to slow down•
a buen paso — at a good pace•
establecer el paso — to make the pace, set the pace•
a paso lento — at a slow pace, slowly•
llevar el paso — to keep in step, keep time•
romper el paso — to break steppaso de ambladura, paso de andadura — (Equitación) amble
5) (=ritmo) rate, pace•
a este paso — at this rate6) (=distancia)7) (=avance) step8) (Téc) [de tornillo] pitch; [de contador, teléfono] unit9) (Teat) ( Hist) sketch, interlude10) (Rel) [en procesión] float in Holy Week procession, with statues representing part of Easter storySee:ver nota culturelle SEMANA SANTA in semana11)paso de armas — (Mil, Hist) passage of arms
12) LAm (=vado) ford2.ADV softly, gently¡paso! — not so fast!, easy there!
* * *1)a) ( acción)de paso: están de paso they're just visiting o just passing through; de paso puedo comprar pan I can buy some bread on the way; fui a la oficina y de paso hablé con él I went to the office and while I was there I had a word with him; me pilla de paso it's on my way; y dicho sea de paso... — and incidentally...
b) (camino, posibilidad de pasar) wayceda el paso — yield ( in US), give way ( in UK)
abrirse paso — to make one's way; ( a codazos) to elbow one's way
salir al paso de alguien — ( abordar) to waylay somebody; ( detener) to stop somebody
2) (Geog) ( en montaña) passsalir del paso — to get out of a (tight) spot o (AmE) crack (colloq)
3)a) (al andar, bailar) stepandar en malos pasos — to be mixed up in shady deals
a pasos agigantados — by leaps and bounds
dar los primeros pasos — ( literal) to take one's first steps; ( iniciarse en algo) to start out
dar un paso en falso — ( literal) to stumble; ( equivocarse) to make a false move
seguir los pasos de alguien — to follow in somebody's footsteps
b) pasos masculino plural ( en baloncesto) traveling*, steps (pl)4)a) ( distancia corta)vive a dos pasos de mi casa — he lives a stone's throw (away) from my house
está a un paso de aquí — it's just around the corner/down the road from here
b) ( avance) step forwardc) ( de gestión) step5) ( en contador) unit6)a) (ritmo, velocidad)apretó/aminoró el paso — he quickened his pace/he slowed down
a este paso... — at this rate...
a paso de hormiga or tortuga — at a snail's pace
b) (Equ)•* * *1)a) ( acción)de paso: están de paso they're just visiting o just passing through; de paso puedo comprar pan I can buy some bread on the way; fui a la oficina y de paso hablé con él I went to the office and while I was there I had a word with him; me pilla de paso it's on my way; y dicho sea de paso... — and incidentally...
b) (camino, posibilidad de pasar) wayceda el paso — yield ( in US), give way ( in UK)
abrirse paso — to make one's way; ( a codazos) to elbow one's way
salir al paso de alguien — ( abordar) to waylay somebody; ( detener) to stop somebody
2) (Geog) ( en montaña) passsalir del paso — to get out of a (tight) spot o (AmE) crack (colloq)
3)a) (al andar, bailar) stepandar en malos pasos — to be mixed up in shady deals
a pasos agigantados — by leaps and bounds
dar los primeros pasos — ( literal) to take one's first steps; ( iniciarse en algo) to start out
dar un paso en falso — ( literal) to stumble; ( equivocarse) to make a false move
seguir los pasos de alguien — to follow in somebody's footsteps
b) pasos masculino plural ( en baloncesto) traveling*, steps (pl)4)a) ( distancia corta)vive a dos pasos de mi casa — he lives a stone's throw (away) from my house
está a un paso de aquí — it's just around the corner/down the road from here
b) ( avance) step forwardc) ( de gestión) step5) ( en contador) unit6)a) (ritmo, velocidad)apretó/aminoró el paso — he quickened his pace/he slowed down
a este paso... — at this rate...
a paso de hormiga or tortuga — at a snail's pace
b) (Equ)•* * *paso11 = footstep, step, footprint, pace.Ex: Leforte could usually identify those footsteps easily; but today they sounded less forceful and deliberate.
Ex: The first step in assigning intellectual responsibility to a corporate body must be a definition of a corporate body.Ex: In later years, the famous book mythological significance of muddy footprints introduced me to the ancient Hippopotamian culture.Ex: Among other buildings afire or still smoldering in eastern Baghdad today were the city hall and the National Library which was so thoroughly burned that heat still radiated 50 paces from its front doors.* abrir paso a = make + way (for).* abrirse paso = jostle, break through, elbow + Posesivo + way into, elbow into.* acelerar el paso = quicken + the pace, smarten + Posesivo + pace.* a este paso = at this rate.* aflojar el paso = slow down, slow up.* aminorar el paso = slow down, slow up.* a paso de tortuga = at a snail's pace.* a paso ligero = on the double.* a pasos agigantados = at an exponential rate, at exponential rates, by leaps and bounds.* a un paso = within a stone's throw (away/from).* a un paso asombroso = at an astounding pace.* a un paso de = a heartbeat away from.* a un paso rápido = at a rapid pace.* a un paso relajado = at a strolling pace.* barrera de paso a nivel = level-crossing gate.* caminar con paso pesado = plod (along/through).* ceder el paso = give + way (to), yield + the right of way.* contador de pasos = step counter.* dar el primer paso = make + a start, take + the first step.* dar los pasos necesarios = take + steps.* dar los primeros pasos en = venture into.* dar otro paso muy importante = reach + another milestone.* dar paso (a) = give + way (to), yield to, make + way (for).* dar un gran paso adelante = reach + milestone.* dar un paso = make + step.* dar un paso adelante = step up.* dar un paso al frente = step up.* dar un paso en falso = make + a false move.* dar un paso hacia delante = take + a step forward, step up.* dejar paso = step + aside.* dejar paso (a) = give + way (to).* derecho de paso = the right of way, right of entry.* desandar los pasos de = retrace + Posesivo + footsteps, retrace + Posesivo + steps.* hacer que + Nombre + dé un paso hacia delante = take + Nombre + a/one step forward.* impedir el paso = block in.* llave de paso = spigot, faucet, tap, stopcock, stop valve.* llave de paso del agua = water valve.* llevar a cabo una serie de pasos anteriormente realizados = execute + steps.* obstaculizar el paso = block in.* otro paso más hacia + Posesivo + destrucción = another nail in + Posesivo + coffin.* paso adelante = step up.* paso a nivel = level-crossing.* paso a paso = one step at a time, step by step, stage by stage, stepwise.* paso atrás = backward step, retrograde step.* paso de cebra = zebra crossing.* paso de la gente = flow of people.* paso del comercio = flow of commerce.* Paso del Noroeste, el = North West Passage, the.* paso de peatones = zebra crossing, pedestrian crossing, pelican crossing.* paso de tortuga = snail's pace.* paso en falso = false move.* paso fronterizo = border crossing.* paso hacia adelante = step forward.* paso hacia atrás = retrograde step, step backward(s), step back.* paso inferior = underpass.* paso ininterrumpido de = steady flow of.* paso intermedio = half-way house, stepping stone.* paso peatonal = pedestrian crossing.* paso subterráneo = underground walkway.* Posesivo + primeros pasos = Posesivo + first steps.* preferencia de paso = the right of way.* primer paso = stake in the ground.* primer paso de, el = thin edge of the wedge, the.* realizar una tarea paso a paso = go through.* saltarse pasos intermedios = jump + steps.* seguir los pasos de = follow in + the footsteps of.* seguir + Posesivo + pasos = follow in + Posesivo + footsteps.* seguir unos pasos = follow + steps.* señal de prohibido el paso = No Entry sign.* ser un gran paso adelante = be half the battle.* tener derecho de paso = have + the right of way.* tomar un paso decisivo = take + the plunge.* un paso por delante de = one step ahead of.* válvula de paso = stop valve, stopcock.* volver sobre los pasos de Uno = double-back, retrace + Posesivo + steps, retrace + Posesivo + footsteps, go back on + Posesivo + steps.paso22 = stage, passing.Ex: The first stage in the choice of access points must be the definition of an author.
Ex: Perhaps an openly expressed disbelief in his activities is one of the marks of the passing of this stage.* ave de paso = bird of passage.* cambiar con el paso del tiempo = change over + time.* con el paso de = with the passing of.* con el paso de los años = with the passing of (the) years.* con el paso del tiempo = over the years, over time, with the passage of time, as time goes by, in due course, over a period of time, in the course of time, over the course of time, in the process of time, as time passed (by), as time passes (by), as time went by.* de paso = by the way, by the by(e).* deteriorado por el paso del tiempo = timeworn.* dicho sea de paso = by the way, on a sidenote, by the by(e).* el paso del tiempo = the passage of time, the sands of time.* en varios pasos = multi-step.* llave de paso = shut-off valve.* paso elevado = overpass.* paso elevado de peatones = pedestrian overpass.* paso elevado para peatones = pedestrian overpass.* paso inferior = subway.* paso inferior de peatones = pedestrian underpass.* paso inferior para peatones = pedestrian underpass.* paso subterráneo = underpass, subway.* paso subterráneo de peatones = pedestrian underpass.* paso subterráneo para peatones = pedestrian underpass.* quedar anulado con el paso del tiempo = be overtaken by events.* resistir el paso del tiempo = stand + the test of time, withstand + the test of time, survive + the test of time, pass + the test of time.* válvula de paso = shut-off valve.paso33 = transfer, transition, changeover [change-over], handover [hand-over].Ex: When the record transfer is complete, the catalog summary screen is shown for the new record so that the user can review and update it.
Ex: Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that users may make the transition from a first access point to related terms or access points.Ex: The changeover has resulted in more rapid machine-editing of input and reduced costs for cataloguing.Ex: The author assesses the prospects of Hong Kong after the handover of the colony to China in 1997 when it will once again be competing with Shanghai as the publishing hub of the Orient.* * *paso1A1(acción): las compuertas controlan el paso del agua the hatches control the flow of watera su paso por la ciudad el río se ensancha the river widens as it flows through the cityel paso de los camiones había causado grietas en la calzada cracks had appeared in the road surface caused by the passage of so many trucks o because of all the trucks using ithizo frente a todo lo que encontró a su paso he faced up to every obstacle in his pathcon el paso del tiempo se desgastó la piedra the stone got worn down with time o with the passing o passage of time[ S ] prohibido el paso no entryal paso (en ajedrez) en passantde paso: no viven aquí, están de paso they don't live here, they're just visiting o they're just passing throughde paso puedo dejarles el paquete I can drop the package off on my waylo mencionó pero sólo de paso he mentioned it but only in passinglleva esto a la oficina y de paso habla con la secretaria take this to the office and while you're there have a word with the secretaryte lo recogeré si quieres, me pilla de paso I'll pick it up for you if you like, it's on my wayarchiva estas fichas y de paso comprueba todas las direcciones file these cards and while you're at it o about it check all the addressesy dicho sea de paso … and incidentally …2 (camino, posibilidad de pasar) wayabran paso make wayse puso en medio y me cerró el paso she stood in front of me and blocked my waypor aquí no hay paso you can't get through this waydejen el paso libre leave the way clearabrirse paso to make one's wayel sol se abría paso entre las nubes the sun was breaking through the cloudsconsiguió abrirse paso a codazos entre la gente she managed to elbow her way through the crowdno te será difícil abrirte paso en la vida you won't have any problems making your way in life o getting on in lifesalir al paso de algn to waylay sbsalir al paso de algo to forestall sthB ( Geog) (en una montaña) passCompuestos:( Méx) paso elevadozebra crossing, crosswalk ( AmE)( Méx) catwalk(en un barco) celebration held to mark the crossing of the Equator; (de estudiantes) celebration held halfway through a college courseborder crossingC1 (movimiento al andar) stepdio un paso para atrás he took a step backward(s), he stepped backward(s)¡un paso al frente! one step forward!camina 50 pasos al norte walk 50 paces to the northdirigió sus pasos hacia la puerta she walked toward(s) the dooroyó pasos en el piso de arriba she heard footsteps on the floor abovecon paso firme subió las escaleras he climbed the stairs purposefullyno da un paso sin consultar a su marido she won't do anything without asking her husband firstpaso a paso step by stepsiguieron el juicio paso a paso they followed the trial step by steppaso a paso se fue abriendo camino en la empresa he gradually worked his way up in the companyme lo explicó paso por paso she explained it to me step by stepa cada paso at every turna pasos agigantados by leaps and boundsla informática avanza a pasos agigantados information technology is advancing by leaps and bounds, enormous strides are being made in information technologydar los primeros pasos (literal) to take one's first steps, start to walk; (iniciarse en algo) to start outdio sus primeros pasos como actor en televisión he started out o made his debut as a television actordar un paso en falso en política puede conducir al desastre one false move o putting one foot wrong in politics can lead to disasterseguirle los pasos a algn to tail sbseguir los pasos de algn to follow in sb's footstepsvolver sobre sus pasos to retrace one's steps2(distancia corta): vive a dos pasos de mi casa he lives a stone's throw (away) from my houseestuvo a un paso de la muerte she was at death's dooránimo, ya estamos a un paso come on, we're nearly there nowestá a un paso de aquí it's just around the corner o down the road from herede ahí a convertirse en drogadicto no hay más que un paso it's only a short step from there to becoming a drug addict3 (logro, avance) step forwardel que te haya llamado ya es un paso (adelante) the fact that he's called you is a step forward in itselfsupone un gran paso en la lucha contra la enfermedad it is a great step forward o a great advance in the fight against the illness4 (de una gestión) stephemos dado los pasos necesarios we have taken the necessary steps5 (de baile) stephacer pasos to travelD1 (de un tornillo, una rosca) pitch2 (en un contador) unitE1(ritmo, velocidad): aminoró el paso he slowed downal ver que la seguían apretó el paso when she realized she was being followed she quickened her paceel tren iba a buen paso the train was going at a fair speeda este paso no llegamos ni a las diez at this rate we won't even get there by ten o'clocka este paso te vas a poner enfermo if you carry on like this, you'll get ill, at this rate o (if you carry on) the way you're going, you'll get illescribía los nombres al paso que yo se los leía she wrote down the names as I read them out to hera paso de hormiga or tortuga at a snail's pacellevar el paso to keep in stepmarcar el paso to mark timeen ese colegio te van a hacer marcar el paso they'll make you toe the line at that school2 ( Equ):al paso at a walking paceCompuesto:paso ligero or redobladoa paso ligero or redoblado double quick, in double timeF (de la pasión) float ( in Holy Week processions)* * *
Del verbo pasar: ( conjugate pasar)
paso es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
pasó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
pasar
paso
pasar ( conjugate pasar) verbo intransitivo
1
◊ no ha pasado ni un taxi not one taxi has come/gone past;
los otros coches no podían paso the other cars weren't able to get past;
no dejan paso a nadie they're not letting anyone through;
paso de largo to go right o straight past;
paso por la aduana to go through customs;
es un vuelo directo, no pasa por Miami it's a direct flight, it doesn't go via Miami;
¿este autobús pasa por el museo? does this bus go past the museum?;
pasamos por delante de su casa we went past her house;
pasaba por aquí y … I was just passing by o I was in the area and …b) ( deteniéndose en un lugar):◊ ¿podríamos paso por el banco? can we stop off at the bank?;
pasa un día por casa why don't you drop o come by the house sometime?;
puede paso a recogerlo mañana you can come and pick it up tomorrow
[ humedad] to go through from one side to the otherd) ( caber):
2 ( entrar — acercándose al hablante) to come in;
(— alejándose del hablante) to go in;◊ pase, por favor please, do come in;
¡que pase el siguiente! next, please!;
haga paso al Sr Díaz show Mr Díaz in please
3
b) ( comunicar):
( en otro teléfono) I'll put you through to Javier
4a) (Educ) to pass;◊ paso de curso to get through o pass one's end-of-year examsb) ( ser aceptable):◊ no está perfecto, pero puede paso it's not perfect, but it'll do;
por esta vez, (que) pase I'll let it pass o go this time
5
a) ( ser tenido por):
ver tb hacerse II 3
( suceder) to happen;
lo que pasa es que… the thing o the problem is …;
pase lo que pase whatever happens, come what may;
siempre pasa igual or lo mismo it's always the same;
¿qué pasa? what's the matter?, what's up? (colloq);
¿qué te pasa? what's the matter with you?;
¿qué te pasó en el ojo? what happened to your eye?;
¿qué le pasa a la tele? what's wrong with the TV?;
eso le pasa a cualquiera that can happen to anybody;
no le pasó nada nothing happened to him
1 ( transcurrir) [tiempo/años] to pass, go by;◊ pasoon muchos años many years went by o passed;
ya han pasado dos horas it's been two hours now;
un año pasa muy rápido a year goes very quickly;
¡cómo pasa el tiempo! doesn't time fly!
2 ( cesar) [crisis/mal momento] to be over;
[ efecto] to wear off;
[ dolor] to go away
3 ( arreglárselas) paso sin algo to manage without sth
verbo transitivo
1
‹pueblo/ciudad› to go through
2a) ( hacer atravesar) paso algo POR algo to put sth through sth;
(— ilegalmente) to smuggle
3 ( hacer recorrer):
pásale un trapo al piso give the floor a quick wipe;
hay que pasole una plancha it needs a quick iron
4 (exhibir, mostrar) ‹película/anuncio› to show
5 ‹examen/prueba› to pass
6 ‹página/hoja› to turn;
‹tema/punto› to leave out, omit
1 (entregar, hacer llegar):
¿me pasas el martillo? can you pass me the hammer?
2 ( contagiar) to give, to pass on
1
fuimos a Toledo a paso el día we went to Toledo for the dayb) ( con idea de continuidad):
pasa todo el día al teléfono she spends all day on the phone
◊ ¿qué tal lo pasaste en la fiesta? did you have a good time at the party?, did you enjoy the party?;
lo pasé mal I didn't enjoy myself
2 (sufrir, padecer) ‹penalidades/desgracias› to go through, to suffer;◊ pasé mucho miedo/frío I was very frightened/cold
pasarse verbo pronominal
1 ( cambiarse):
2
esta vez te has pasado (fam) you've gone too far this time
¿podrías pasote por el mercado? could you go down to the market?
3
[carne/pescado] to go off, go bad;
[ leche] to go off, go sour
1
[ dolor] to go away;
(+ me/te/le etc)◊ ya se me pasó el dolor the pain's gone o eased now;
espera a que se le pase el enojo wait until he's calmed o cooled downb) ( transcurrir):
ver tb pasar verbo transitivo III 1
2 (+ me/te/le etc)a) ( olvidarse):
b) ( dejar escapar):
paso sustantivo masculino
1a) ( acción):
el paso del tiempo the passage of time;
el paso de la dictadura a la democracia the transition from dictatorship to democracy;
de paso: están de paso they're just visiting o just passing through;
me pilla de paso it's on my way;
y dicho sea de paso … and incidentally …
◊ abrir/dejar paso (a algn/algo) to make way (for sth/sb);
me cerró el paso she blocked my way;
dejen el paso libre leave the way clear;
( on signs) ceda el paso yield ( in US), give way ( in UK);
( on signs) prohibido el paso no entry;
paso de peatones crosswalk (AmE), pedestrian crossing (BrE);
paso a nivel grade (AmE) o (BrE) level crossing;
paso elevado or (Méx) a desnivel overpass (AmE), flyover (BrE);
paso subterráneo ( para peatones) underpass, subway (BrE);
( para vehículos) underpass;
( a codazos) to elbow one's way;
( detener) to stop sb
2 (Geog) ( en montaña) pass;◊ salir del paso to get out of a (tight) spot o (AmE) crack (colloq)
3
oyó pasos she heard footsteps;
entró con paso firme he came in purposefully;
paso a paso step by step;
seguirle los pasos a algn to tail sb;
seguir los pasos de algn to follow in sb's footstepsb) ( distancia corta):◊ vive a dos pasos de mi casa he lives a stone's throw (away) from my house;
está a un paso de aquí it's just around the corner/down the road from here
4 (ritmo, velocidad):◊ apretó/aminoró el paso he quickened his pace/he slowed down;
a este paso … at this rate …;
a paso de hormiga or tortuga at a snail's pace;
marcar el paso to mark time
5 ( en contador) unit
pasar
I verbo transitivo
1 to pass
2 (trasladar) to move
3 (dar) to pass, give: no me pasó el recado, he didn't give me the message
4 (hojas de libro) to turn
5 (el tiempo, la vida) to spend, pass
6 (soportar, sufrir) to suffer, endure: está pasando una crisis personal, she's going through a personal crisis
pasamos sed y calor, we suffered thirst and heat
7 (río, calle, frontera) to cross
8 (tragar) to swallow
9 (tolerar, aguantar) to bear
10 (introducir) to insert, put through
11 (un examen, una eliminatoria) to pass
12 Cine to run, show: este sábado pasan Ben Hur, they're putting Ben Hur on this Saturday
II verbo intransitivo
1 to pass: ¿a qué hora pasa el tren?, what time does the train pass?
Cervantes pasó por aquí, Cervantes passed this way
ya pasó, it has already passed
pasar de largo, to go by (without stopping)
2 (entrar) to come in
3 (ser tolerable) to be acceptable: no está mal, puede pasar, it isn't bad, it will do
4 (exceder) to surpass: no pases de los 70 km/h, don't exceed 70 km/h
5 (a otro asunto) to go on to
pasar a ser, to become
6 (tiempo) to pass, go by
7 (arreglarse, apañarse) pasar sin, to do without: puedo pasar sin coche, I can manage without a car
8 fam (no tener interés, prescindir) pasa de lo que digan, don't mind what they say
paso de ir al cine, I'll give the cinema a miss
9 (suceder) to happen: ¿qué pasa?, what's going on?
¿qué le pasa?, what's the matter with him?
pase lo que pase, whatever happens o come what may
♦ Locuciones: pasar algo a limpio, to make a fair copy of sthg
pasarlo bien/mal, to have a good/difficult time
pasar por, to put up with: paso por que me digas que estoy gorda, pero no pienso tolerar que me amargues cada comida, I can handle you calling me fat, but I'm not having you ruin every single meal for me
pasar por alto, to overlook: pasaré por alto esa observación, I'll just ignore that remark
paso sustantivo masculino
1 step: caminaban a paso ligero, they walked quickly
(sonido de pisadas) footstep
(de un baile) step
2 (camino, pasillo) passage, way
Auto ceda el paso, give way
paso a nivel, level o US grade crossing
paso de cebra, zebra crossing
paso de peatones, pedestrian crossing, US crosswalk
paso subterráneo, (para peatones) subway
(para vehículos) underpass
prohibido el paso, no entry
3 (acción) passage, passing: estamos de paso en la ciudad, we are just passing through the town
a su paso por la Universidad, when he was at University
el lento paso de las horas, the slow passing of the hours
4 Tel unit
5 Geol (entre montañas) mountain pass
6 Náut strait
♦ Locuciones: abrirse paso, (entre la multitud, maleza) to make one's way, (en la vida) to get ahead
salir del paso, to get out of trouble
a cada paso, constantly, every other minute
' paso' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
apretar
- arramblar
- atravesar
- bando
- bloquear
- cabeza
- cada
- calamidad
- cebra
- ceder
- cerrar
- converger
- cortar
- dar
- dado
- desvirtuar
- disfraz
- esclarecimiento
- estela
- filtración
- franca
- franco
- impedir
- infierno
- ligera
- ligero
- lista
- llave
- magín
- mayor
- nivel
- obstaculizar
- pasar
- pasarse
- patata
- peatonal
- por
- prohibida
- prohibido
- rebote
- rito
- segura
- seguro
- sino
- subterránea
- subterráneo
- testigo
- tránsito
- ver
- vela
English:
ahead
- amok
- arrogant
- bar
- battle
- begrudge
- block
- block in
- break through
- breakthrough
- brisk
- by
- childhood
- clarify
- clear
- coast
- come over
- crossing
- crosswalk
- dizzy
- dwindle
- evaluation
- explanation
- false move
- faux pas
- float
- flyover
- footstep
- give
- go by
- going
- graze
- grow out of
- hysterical
- lazy
- level crossing
- life
- lively
- mop
- move
- nail
- obstruction
- ocean
- overboard
- overpass
- pace
- pass
- pass along
- pass by
- pass through
* * *♦ nm1. [con el pie] step;[huella] footprint;dar un paso atrás [al andar] to step backwards, to take a step backwards;[en proceso, negociaciones] to take a backward step;aprendí unos pasos de baile I learnt a few dance steps;oía pasos arriba I could hear footsteps upstairs;se veían sus pasos sobre la nieve you could see its footprints in the snow;a cada paso [cada dos por tres] every other minute;vivimos a un paso de la estación we live just round the corner from o a stone's throw away from the station;el ruso está a un paso de hacerse campeón the Russian is on the verge of o just one small step away from becoming champion;a pasos agigantados at a terrific rate, at a rate of knots;la economía crece a pasos agigantados the economy is growing at a rate of knots;el SIDA se propaga a pasos agigantados AIDS is spreading like wildfire o at an alarming rate;la ingeniería genética avanza a pasos agigantados genetic engineering has made giant o enormous strides;[equivocarse] to make a false move o a mistake; Figno dio ni un paso en falso he didn't put a foot wrong;seguir los pasos a alguien [perseguir, vigilar] to tail sb;seguir los pasos de alguien [imitar] to follow in sb's footsteps;volvimos sobre nuestros pasos we retraced our steps2. [acción] passing;[cruce] crossing; [camino de acceso] way through, thoroughfare;con el paso del tiempo with the passage of time;con el paso de los años as the years go by;el paso de la juventud a la madurez the transition from youth to adulthood;su paso fugaz por la universidad his brief spell at the university;el Ebro, a su paso por Zaragoza the Ebro, as it flows through Zaragoza;la tienda está en una zona de mucho paso the shop is in a very busy area;también Figabrir paso a alguien to make way for sb;abrirse paso [entre la gente, la maleza] to make one's way;abrirse paso en la vida/en el mundo de la política to get on o ahead in life/politics;¡abran paso! make way!;ceder el paso (a alguien) [dejar pasar] to let (sb) past;[en automóvil] to Br give way o US yield (to sb);de paso [de pasada] in passing;[aprovechando] while I'm/you're/ etc at it;de paso que vienes, tráete las fotos de las vacaciones you may as well bring the photos from your Br holiday o US vacation when you come;la estación me pilla de paso the station's on my way;estar de paso [en un lugar] to be passing through;prohibido el paso [en letrero] no entry;salir al paso a alguien, salir al paso de alguien [acercarse] to come up to sb;[hacer detenerse] to come and bar sb's way;salir al paso de algo [rechazar] to respond to sthpaso de cebra Br zebra crossing, = pedestrian crossing marked with black and white lines; Méx paso a desnivel Br flyover, US overpass;paso del Ecuador [en barco] crossing the line ceremony;[en universidad] = (celebration marking) halfway stage in a university course;paso fronterizo border crossing (point);Chile paso bajo nivel Br subway, US underpass;3. [forma de andar] walk;[ritmo] pace;con paso cansino se dirigió a la puerta he walked wearily towards the door;a buen paso at a good rate;a este paso o [m5]al paso que vamos, no acabaremos nunca at this rate o at the rate we're going, we'll never finish;al paso [en equitación] at a walk;a paso lento slowly;a paso ligero at a brisk pace;Mil at the double;aflojar el paso to slow down;apretar el paso to go faster, to speed up;llevar el paso to keep step;marcar el paso to keep time;a paso de tortuga at a snail's paceMil paso de la oca goose-step [en el mar] strait5. [trámite, etapa, acontecimiento] step;[progreso] step forward, advance;antes de dar cualquier paso siempre me pregunta she always asks me before doing anything;dar los pasos necesarios to take the necessary steps;dar los primeros pasos hacia la paz to take the first steps towards peace;la aprobación de una constitución supondría un gran paso para la democracia the passing of a constitution would be a big step forward for democracy;paso a o [m5] por paso se ganó la confianza de sus alumnos she gradually won the confidence of her pupils;salir del paso to get out of trouble6. [de llamadas telefónicas, consumo eléctrico] unit7. [en procesión] float [in Easter procession]8.pasos [en baloncesto] travelling;hacer pasos to travel♦ interjmake way!* * *1 m1 step;paso a paso step by step;a cada paso at every step;a dos pasos de fig a stone’s throw (away) from;volver sobre sus pasos retrace one’s steps;un paso en falso make a false move;seguir los pasos a alguien follow s.o., dog s.o.’s footsteps;seguir los pasos de alguien follow in s.o.’s footsteps;3 ( ritmo) pace, rate;a este paso fig at this rate;al paso que vamos at the rate we’re going;a paso ligero at the double;llevar el paso MIL keep in step;marcar el paso MIL mark timecerrar el paso de la calle block off o close the street;prohibido el paso no entry;ceda el paso yield, Br give way;observaba el paso del agua/de la gente he watched the water flow past/the world go by5 ( cruce) crossing6 de tiempo passing7 ( huella) footprint8 ( camino):de paso on the way;estar de paso be passing through;dicho sea de paso and incidentally;¡paso! make way!, let me through!;abrirse paso push one’s way through; fig carve out a path for o.s.;salir al paso de alguien waylay s.o.;salir del paso get out of a tight spot2 m REL float in Holy Week procession* * *paso, -sa adj: driedciruela pasa: prunepaso nm1) : passage, passingde paso: in passing, on the way2) : way, pathabrirse paso: to make one's way3) : crossingpaso de peatones: crosswalkpaso a desnivel: underpasspaso elevado: overpass4) : steppaso a paso: step by step5) : pace, gaita buen paso: quickly, at a good rate* * *paso n1. (en general) step2. (pisada) footstep3. (tránsito)4. (transcurso) passing / passage -
18 Chronology
15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence ofBrazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister. -
19 signum
signum, i, n. [perh. Sanscr. sag-, to cling to, adhere; cf. sigilla].I.In gen., a mark, token, sign, indication (very frequent in all styles and periods; cf.II.insigne): meo patri torulus inerit aureus Sub petaso: id signum Amphitruoni non erit,
Plaut. Am. prol. 145 sq.:ut eam (nutricem) adducam et signa ostendam haec, i. e. crepundia,
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 38; 5, 3, 5:ut fures earum rerum, quas ceperunt, signa commutant, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74; so (with notae) id. de Or. 2, 41, 174; id. Lael. 17, 62; cf.:omne probabile aut signum est aut credibile... Signum est, quod sub sensum aliquem cadit et quiddam significat, quod ex ipso profectum videtur, etc.,
id. Inv. 1, 30, 47 sq.:aut pecori signum aut numeros inpressit acervis,
Verg. G. 1, 263; cf.:servitii signum cervice gerens,
Ov. M. 3, 16:jaculo mihi vulnera fecit.—Signa vides: apparet adhuc vetus ecce cicatrix,
Ov. M. 12, 444:metam Constituit signum nautis pater, unde reverti Scirent, etc.,
Verg. A. 5, 130:scutum signi gratia positum,
Quint. 6, 3, 38:signa pedum,
tracks, prints, Ov. M. 4, 543;and simply signa,
Verg. A. 8, 212 al.:oculis mihi signum dedit, Ne se appellarem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 45:dare,
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 11:dicere deos gallis signum dedisse cantandi,
Cic. Div. 2, 26, 57 al.:signa esse ad salutem,
Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:animi pudentis signum,
id. Heaut. 1, 1, 68:color pudoris signum,
id. And. 5, 3, 7:signa doloris ostendere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 190:mortis dare,
Lucr. 6, 1182:timoris mittere,
to exhibit, display, Caes. B. C. 1, 71 et saep.—With obj.-clause:magnum hoc quoque signum est, dominam esse extra noxiam,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 57; Nep. Att. 17, 2.—In predic. gen. with neutr. pron.: hoc est signi;ubi primum poterit, se illinc subducet,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 14:id erit signi me invitum facere, quod, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 83; Auct. Her. 4, 5, 8; Cato, R. R. 38, 4; 88, 2:nil tamen est signi,
Lucr. 5, 918; cf.:quid signi?
Cic. Cael. 16, 38, 2.— Hence, a surname, epithet (rare):huic signum exercitus apposuit,
Vop. Am. 6; cf. Capitol. Gord. 4.—In partic.A.In milit. lang.1.The distinctive sign of a division of an army.a.A military standard, ensign, banner (including the aquila):(β).signifero interfecto, signo amisso,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25:ut neque signiferi viam, nec signa milites cernerent,
Liv. 33, 7:Hasdrubal ut procul signa legionum fulgentia vidit,
id. 28, 14; 22, 21; Col. 9, 9, 4:inter signa militaria,
Hor. Epod. 9, 15:cum unius signi militibus pergit ire,
Liv. 33, 1:signa militaria ex proelio relata,
Caes. B. C. 3, 99; so,militaria,
id. B. G. 7, 2; Plin. 33, 33, 19, § 58.—Hence the expressions: signa sequi,
to follow the standards, to march in military order, Sall. J. 80, 2; Liv. 24, 48, 11:signa subsequi,
to keep in order of battle, Caes. B. G. 4, 26:signa observare,
Sall. J. 51, 1:signa servare,
Liv. 8, 34, 10; Veg. Mil. 1, 9:ab signis discedere,
to desert the standards, leave the ranks, Caes. B. G. 5, 16; 5, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 44; Liv. 25, 20 al.; cf.:ab ordinibus signisque discedere,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3:signa relinquere,
to desert, Sall. C. 9, 4; Liv. 5, 6 al.:signa deserere,
Liv. 8, 34, 9: signa ferre, i. e. to break up the camp, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40; Liv. 2, 49, 3; 10, 5 al.;for which: movere signa,
id. 1, 14, 9; 27, 2, 12; Verg. G. 3, 236; and:tollere,
Vell. 2, 61, 2; Auct. B. Alex. 57, 1;but: ferte signa in hostem,
attack, Liv. 9, 23, 13:signa constituere,
to halt, Caes. B. G. 7, 47; cf.:infestis contra hostes signis constiterunt,
id. ib. 7, 51:signa proferre,
to advance, Liv. 4, 32, 10: signa convertere, to wheel, turn, or face about, Caes. B. G. 1, 25 fin.; 2, 26: Liv. 8, 11; 2, 14; 4, 29; for which, [p. 1698] vertere signa, id. 9, 35:signa inferre (in aliquem),
to advance to the attack, make an assault, Caes. B. G. 1, 25 fin.; 2, 26; 7, 67; id. B. C. 2, 42; Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 23; Sall. J. 56, 5; Liv. 2, 53; 9, 27; 44, 12 al; cf.:signa conferre cum aliquo,
to engage with, engage in close fight, Cic. Att. 7, 5, 5; id. Pis. 21, 49;and cf.: collatis signis pugnare, superare aliquem, etc.,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 44; Liv. 1, 33; 2, 50; Cic. Imp. Pomp. 23, 66; but conferre signa also means simply to bring the standards together (to one place), Caes. B. G. 7, 2; 2, 25; Liv. 37, 21:signa in laevum cornu confert,
concentrates his troops, id. 7, 15, 4:signa transferre,
to desert, Caes. B. C. 1, 24: signa convellere, to take up the standards, which had been fixed in the ground, Liv. 3, 7, 3; 3, 54, 10; 5, 37, 4; so,vellere signa,
id. 3, 50, 11; Verg. G. 4, 108:revellere signa,
Luc. 7, 77; cf.:signa figere,
to encamp, Amm. 27, 10, 9:defigere signa,
Sil. 8, 625:sub signis ducere legiones, ire, esse, etc.,
together, in order, in rank and file, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 71 (with ordine); Cic. Att. 16, 8, 2; Liv. 3, 51; Tac. H. 2, 14:signa hostium turbare,
to throw into disorder, Liv. 9, 73:ante signa,
before the army, id. 5, 18; 6, 7; 7, 16:post signa,
id. 2, 49.—Transf., in gen.:b.infestis prope signis inferuntur Galli in Fonteium,
Cic. Font. 20, 44 (16, 34).—Esp., the standard or ensign of single cohorts and maniples (opp. aquila, the standard of the entire legion):(β).cum fasces, cum tubas, cum signa militaria, cum aquilam illam argenteam... scirem esse praemissam,
Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 13; Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 5; Suet. Calig. 14 fin. Oud.; Tac. A. 1, 18; id. H. 2, 29 fin.; Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 23; Luc. 1, 6; 1, 224 al. (cf. aquila, 2.):manipulos exercitus minimas manus quae unum sequuntur signum,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 88 Müll.—Meton., a cohort, a maniple:2.octo cohortes in fronte constituit, reliquarum signa in subsidio artius collocat,
Sall. C. 59, 2; Liv. 8, 9; 25, 23 fin.; 33, 1; 27, 14; 28, 14; Auct. B. Hisp. 18, 3.—A sign, signal; a watchword, password, given by a wind-instrument, by the tessera, or otherwise:B.signum tubā dare,
Caes. B. G. 2, 20; 7, 81:proelii committendi dare,
id. ib. 2, 21:recipiendi dare,
id. ib. 7, 52:receptui dare,
Liv. 4, 31; 26, 45; 3, 22; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3:signum dare ut, etc.,
Liv. 2, 20; 4, 39:proelii exposcere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19:concinere,
id. B. C. 3, 92 fin.; Liv. 30, 5; cf. Tac. A. 1, 68:canere,
Sall. C. 59, 1; id. J. 99, 1; Liv. 1, 1; 4, 31; 27, 47; Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 3 al. (v. cano).—For the chariot race:signum mittendis quadrigis dare,
Liv. 8, 40, 3: signum mittere, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107: signo Felicitatis dato, the word, watchword, Felicitas, Auct. B. Afr. 83:signum petere,
Suet. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 42; id. Ner. 9; cf.:it bello tessera signum,
Verg. A. 7, 637.— Transf.:tu illam (virtutem) jubes signum petere,
i. e. to be in subjection, Sen. Ben. 4, 2, 2.—A sign or token of any thing to come; a prognostic, symptom (cf.:C.portentum, indicium): ipse et equus ejus repente concidit: nec eam rem habuit religioni, objecto signo, ut peritis videbatur, ne committeret proelium,
Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:medici signa quaedam habent ex venis et ex spiritu aegroti,
id. ib. 2, 70, 145; cf. Verg. G. 3, 440; 3, 503; 4, 253; Cels. 2, 3:prospera signa dare,
Ov. H. 18 (19), 152.—An image, as a work of art; a figure, statue, picture, etc. (syn.: effigies, imago, simulacrum);D.inerant (classi) signa expressa, Titani quomodo, etc.,
Naev. 2, 13: statuas deorum, exempla earum facierum, s gna domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 782 P.:signum pictum in pariete,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 44:signum in fano,
id. Rud. 2, 7, 2:aëna signa,
Lucr. 1, 318:ante signum Jovis Statoris concidit,
Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:signum aeneum, marmoreum, eburneum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1; cf. id. Off. 1, 41, 147; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 248:cratera impressum signis,
Verg. A. 5, 536; 5, 267; 9, 263:(vestis) auro signisque ingentibus apta,
Lucr. 5, 1428:ex ornatis aedibus per aulaea et signa,
Sall. H. 2, 23, 2 Dietsch:pallam signis auroque rigentem,
Verg. A. 1, 648:e Pario formatum marmore signum,
Ov. M. 3, 419; cf. id. ib. 5, 183;12, 398: statuas, signa, picturas commendet,
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 5.—An image or device on a seal-ring; a seal, signet: ostendi tabellas Lentulo, et quaesivi, cognosceretne signum. Annuit. Est vero, inquam, notum signum, imago avi tui, etc., Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:E.(patera) in cistulā obsignata signo est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 265; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 117:tabulae maximae signis hominum nobilium consignantur,
id. Quint. 6, 25:imprimat his signa tabellis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 38:litterae integris signis praetoribus traduntur,
Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 6; Sall. C. 47, 3:signo laeso non insanire lagenae,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 134:volumen sub signo habere,
to have under seal, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4; cf.:sub signo claustrisque rei publicae positum vectigal,
id. Agr. 1, 7, 21:nec pacta conventaque inpressis signis custodirentur,
Sen. Ben. 3, 15, 1:cum sol duodena peregit signa,
Ov. M. 13, 618.—A sign in the heavens, a constellation (cf. sidus):F.caeli subter labentia signa,
Lucr. 1, 2:loca caelio Omnia, dispositis signis ornata,
id. 5, 695:signorum ortus et obitus,
Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 59:signis omnibus ad idem principium stellisque revocatis,
id. Rep. 6, 22, 24:in signo leonis,
id. Div. 1, 53, 121:signorum obitus speculari et ortus,
Verg. G. 1, 257; id. A. 7, 138:signum pluviale Capellae,
Ov. F. 5, 113:ponemusque suos ad vaga signa dies,
id. ib. 1, 310:nox caelo diffundere signa parabat,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 10; cf. id. C. 2, 8, 11.—Miraculous works (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Dan. 3, 99; id. Matt. 24, 24; id. Joan. 2, 11 et saep. -
20 force(s)
сила; группа; группировка; формирования; части и соединения [подразделения]; мор. отряд; соединение; pl. войска, силы; вооруженные силы, ВС; форсироватьACE mobile force(s), Air — мобильные ВВС ОВС НАТО в Европе
ACE mobile force(s), Land — мобильные СВ ОВС НАТО в Европе
Air forces, Gulf — Бр. ВВС в районе Персидского залива
Air forces, Northern Army Group BBC — Северной группы армий (ОВС НАТО в Европе)
Allied forces, Central [Northern, Southern] Europe — ОВС НАТО на Центрально-Европейском [Северо-Европейском, Южно-Европейском] ТВД
Allied forces, Europe OBC — НАТО в Европе
Allied Land forces, Northern [Southern] Europe — ОСВ НАТО на Северо-Европейском [Южно-Европейском] ТВД
Allied Naval forces, Northern [Southern] Europe — ОВМС НАТО на Северо-Европейском [Южно-Европейском] ТВД
carrier submarine detection [search] and striking force — ПЛ авианосная поисково-ударная группа
earmarked (for assignment) forces — войска [силы], выделенные [предназначенные] для передачи в оперативное подчинение (командования НАТО)
insert a force (into the area) — высаживать десант; десантировать (часть, подразделение)
mobile logistical (support) force — соединение сил [судов] подвижного тылового обеспечения (ВМС)
mobile logistics (support) force — соединение сил [судов] подвижного тылового обеспечения (ВМС)
NATO-earmarked (for assignment) forces — войска, выделенные [предназначенные] для передачи в оперативное подчинение командования НАТО
On-Call Naval force, Mediterranean — оперативное соединение ОВМС НАТО на Средиземном море для действий по вызову
rapid deployment force, Air — авиационный компонент СВР
rapid deployment force, Army — сухопутный компонент СВР
rapid deployment force, Navy — военноморской компонент СВР
special service force (mobile command) — Кан. группа войск специального назначения (мобильного командования)
Standing Naval force, Atlantic — постоянное оперативное соединение ОВМС НАТО на Атлантике
UN Peace Keeping forces, Cyprus — ВС ООН по поддержанию мира на Кипре
US forces, Europe — ВС США в Европейской зоне
— ACE mobile forces— amphibious assault force— BM force— conventional armed forces— counterforce-capable forces— divert forces from— experimental naval forces— fleet-based air force— frontier-guarding force— garrison forces— in force— international forces— link-up force— main battle forces— nuclear forces— special action forces— tactical nuclear-capable forces— unconventional warfare forces— visiting armed force
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